化学安全工程专业反应热安全仿真实验教学改革——以环己酮氨肟化反应为例

Simulation-Based Experimental Teaching Reformation of Reaction Thermal Safety in Chemical Safety Engineering—A Case Study of Cyclohexanone Ammoximation

摘要: 针对化工工艺热风险评估与化工设备安全技术课程中化学反应器热安全传统实验的危险性高、动态过程可视化不足等问题，本文设计了基于仿真模拟软件的化学反应热安全仿真实验教学方案。以环己酮氨肟化半间歇反应器为研究对象，构建稳态与动态模型，模拟冷却水失效和反应物浓度波动工况下的热失控动态响应。借助动态仿真，可实现对过程参数的动态追踪，揭示热失控机理与安全操作边界。该教学方案融合了化工热力学、反应工程与过程控制知识，利用虚拟仿真技术突破传统实验的局限性，培养学生的工程实践能力与创新思维。实践表明，实验提高了学生对反应热失控机理的理解，加强了理论与工程应用的结合，为化工安全专业实验教学提供了新范式。

Abstract: To address the high risks and insufficient dynamic process visualization associated with traditional thermal safety experiments for chemical reactors in the courses on chemical process thermal risk assessment and chemical equipment safety technology, this paper designs a simulation-based teaching plan for chemical reaction thermal safety. Taking a semi-batch reactor for the ammoximation reaction of cyclohexanone as the example, steady-state and dynamic models were constructed to simulate the dynamic responses of thermal runaway under the of cooling water failure and fluctuations in reactant concentrations. Dynamic simulation was utilized to achieve real-time tracking of process parameters, revealing the mechanisms of thermal runaway and defining safe operating boundaries of the reactors. This teaching plan integrates knowledge from chemical thermodynamics, reaction engineering, and process control, leveraging virtual simulation technology to overcome the limitations of traditional experiments, thereby cultivating students’ engineering practice abilities and innovative thinking. Practical application has demonstrated that this experiment enhances students’ understanding of the mechanisms behind reaction thermal runaway, strengthens the integration of theory and engineering application, and provides a new paradigm for experimental teaching in chemical safety.