机器翻译浪潮下文学翻译的机遇、挑战与破局之道

Opportunities, Challenges and Breakthroughs in Literary Translation under the Wave of Machine Translation

摘要: 本研究聚焦机器翻译时代下的文学翻译领域，深入剖析其面临的机遇与挑战。随着机器翻译技术迅速发展，文学翻译迎来效率提升、资源拓展等机遇，如借助机器快速处理大量文本，挖掘多元文化文学资源。然而，文学翻译的艺术性、文化内涵传递等方面也遭遇严峻挑战，机器翻译在处理隐喻、文化负载词及风格再现时存在显著不足，难以精准传达文学作品的深层韵味与情感。通过综合运用文献研究、案例分析与实证研究方法，对比机器翻译与人工文学翻译实例，揭示机器翻译技术局限性及对译者角色的影响。本研究创新性地提出“技术–人文协同翻译”理论，构建人机协作优化框架，开发文学翻译人机协作平台，为推动机器翻译时代文学翻译的可持续发展提供理论支撑与实践路径，对促进跨文化文学交流具有重要意义。

Abstract: This study focuses on the field of literary translation in the era of machine translation, and analyzes in depth the opportunities and challenges it faces. With the rapid development of machine translation technology, literary translation has ushered in opportunities for improving efficiency and expanding resources, such as the rapid processing of a large number of texts by machines and the exploration of multicultural literary resources. However, the artistry of literary translation and the transmission of cultural connotations have also encountered serious challenges, and machine translation has significant deficiencies in dealing with metaphors, culturally loaded words, and stylistic reproduction, making it difficult to accurately convey the deeper flavors and emotions of literary works. Through the comprehensive use of literature research, case study analysis and empirical research methods, we compare the examples of machine translation and human literary translation to reveal the technical limitations of machine translation and its impact on the translator’s role. This study innovatively puts forward the theory of “technology-humanities collaborative translation”, constructs the optimization framework of human-machine collaboration, and develops a human-machine collaboration platform for literary translation, which provides theoretical support and practical paths for the sustainable development of literary translation in the era of machine translation, and is of great significance for the promotion of cross-cultural literary exchanges.