《学前教育法》背景下特殊儿童的法律保障与实践路径研究

Research on Legal Protection and Practical Paths for Special Children under the Background of the Preschool Education Law

摘要: 《中华人民共和国学前教育法》(以下简称《学前教育法》)是我国首部系统规范学前教育领域的专门立法，该法针对特殊儿童群体面临的教育资源不足、师资力量薄弱以及社会认知偏差家庭压力大等困境，在保障特殊儿童的权益方面有重要举措。其中在法律保障上主要包括平等入园权的制度保障、融合教育的多元推进和财政师资的保障机制，在实践路径上包括政府确保教育资源精准化配置、高校机构提升师资力量和专业水平以及幼儿园践行融合教育实施个性化指导方案。

Abstract: The Preschool Education Law of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the “Preschool Education Law”) is the first specialized legislation in China to systematically regulate the field of preschool education. This law addresses the predicaments faced by special children groups, such as insufficient educational resources, weak teaching staff, social cognitive biases, and high family pressure. It has taken significant measures to safeguard the rights and interests of special children. Among them, in terms of legal guarantees, it mainly includes institutional guarantees for equal access to kindergartens, diversified promotion of inclusive education, and financial and teaching staff guarantee mechanisms. In terms of practical paths, it includes the government ensuring the precise allocation of educational resources, universities and institutions enhancing the teaching staff and professional levels, and kindergartens implementing personalized guidance plans for inclusive education.