老年人慢性病健康教育研究进展

Research Progress on Chronic Disease Health Education for the Elderly

摘要: 随着人口老龄化加剧，我国老年人慢性病患病率逐年攀升，疾病负担日益加重。慢性病防治已成为公共卫生领域的核心议题，而健康教育作为重要干预手段，在提升患者自我管理能力、改善健康结局方面展现出显著潜力。当前，传统健康教育模式存在形式单一、针对性不足、社区基础设施薄弱、全科医生资源短缺及评价机制不完善等问题制约了健康教育的普及效果等问题，难以满足老年人多样化需求。居民健康意识不足及不健康生活方式普遍存在，进一步降低了健康教育的效果。本文基于近年研究进展，系统梳理老年人慢性病健康教育的现状、挑战及发展方向。

Abstract: With the worsening of population aging, the incidence of chronic diseases among the elderly in China has been increasing year by year, and the disease burden is becoming increasingly heavier. The prevention and treatment of chronic diseases has become a core issue in the field of public health, and health education, as an important intervention tool, has shown significant potential in enhancing patients’ self-management abilities and improving health outcomes. At present, the traditional health education model has problems such as a single form, insufficient targeting, weak community infrastructure, shortage of general practitioner resources, and imperfect evaluation mechanisms, which restrict the popularization effect of health education and are difficult to meet the diverse needs of the elderly. The lack of health awareness among residents and the prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles further reduce the effectiveness of health education. Based on recent research progress, this article systematically reviews the current situation, challenges, and development directions of chronic disease health education for the elderly.