基于0~3岁婴幼儿发展需求的托育教师专业知识体系建构研究——以X托育机构为例

A Study on the Construction of Professional Knowledge System for Infant Caregivers Based on the Developmental Needs of Infants Aged 0~3—A Case Study of X Childcare Institution

摘要: 随着社会对婴幼儿早期教育重视程度的不断提升，托育教师的专业素养成为影响托育服务质量的关键因素。本文以X托育机构中负责人、教师和家长为对象进行访谈，通过对访谈内容的整理，建构了托育教师专业知识体系。研究指出，0~3岁是幼儿身心发展的关键阶段，托育教师需具备涵盖通识性知识、婴幼儿身心发展知识、养育保健知识等知识的全面专业素养，以满足幼儿的多元发展需求。基于此，本文提出了包括鼓励师范院校设置托育专业并优化课程设置、完善托育教师继续教育体系等策略。这些策略旨在提升X托育机构教师的专业知识，为该机构幼儿提供更好的服务，为缓解我国当前的低生育率问题提供有力支持。

Abstract: With the increasing emphasis on early childhood education in society, the professional quality of nursery teachers has become a key factor influencing the quality of nursery services. This article conducts interviews with the person in charge, teachers and parents of X nursery institution, and through the organization of interview content, constructs a professional knowledge system for nursery teachers. The research points out that the period from 0 to 3 years old is a critical stage for children’s physical and mental development, and nursery teachers need to possess comprehensive professional qualities covering general knowledge, knowledge of children’s physical and mental development, and knowledge of child care and health care, to meet the diverse development needs of children. Based on this, this article proposes strategies including encouraging normal universities to set up nursery majors and optimize the curriculum, and improving the continuing education system for nursery teachers. These strategies aim to enhance the professional knowledge of teachers in X nursery institution, provide better services for children in the institution, and provide strong support for alleviating the current low fertility rate problem in China.