标准必要专利滥用的反垄断法规制研究

Research on Antitrust Regulation of Abuse of Standard Essential Patents

摘要: 随着技术标准化进程的加速，标准必要专利的滥用问题成为全球反垄断领域的重要议题。标准必要专利因其不可替代性，赋予专利权人市场支配地位，但滥用行为如拒绝许可、不合理定价等，可能扭曲市场竞争，阻碍技术创新，损害公共利益。相较于美国和欧盟，我国关于标准必要专利滥用引发的反垄断规制则起步较晚，近些年才走进人们的视野，具体行为模式的相关规定尚有待完善，尤其是如何依据FRAND原则合理确定专利许可费、如何规制滥用禁令救济行为等问题迫切需要解决方案。通过分析标准必要专利滥用的反垄断规制现状，针对困境提出应对路径，为完善我国法律体系提供参考。

Abstract: With the acceleration of the process of technology standardization, the abuse of standard essential patents has become an important issue in the global antitrust field. Due to its irreplaceability, standard essential patent gives the patentee a dominant position in the market, but abusive behaviors, such as refusal of licensing and unreasonable pricing, may distort the market competition, hinder technological innovation, and harm the public interest. Compared with the United States and the European Union, China’s antitrust regulation on the abuse of standard-essential patents started late and came into people’s view only in recent years, and the relevant provisions of the specific behavioral patterns are yet to be perfected, especially how to reasonably determine the patent licensing fees based on the FRAND principle, how to regulate the abuse of injunctive relief and other issues in urgent need of a solution. By analyzing the current situation of the antitrust regulation of the abuse of standard essential patents, and proposing a response path to the dilemma, it will provide reference for the improvement of China’s legal system.