功能对等理论视域下的文学文本翻译——以《你若阅读，春天即至》为例

Translation of Literary Texts from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory—Taking “If You Read, Spring Will Come” as an Example

摘要: 《你若阅读，春天即至》是2019年《做人与处世》期刊第8期的一篇文章，作者为杨炳阳。作者在文章中首先借用张潮《幽梦影》中的开篇之语论证春天是阅读的好时节，再从自己从小喜爱阅读这一习惯指出阅读是一种重要的精神食粮，是在喧闹的当今世界保持“不浊”的重要方式。本篇翻译实践报告从奈达的功能对等理论角度出发，以《你若阅读，春天即至》的译文作为研究对象，对词汇、句法和语篇进行分析，解决翻译中存在的问题。词汇方面主要分析承载了特殊文化内涵的文化负载词；句法方面主要分析文言句式和表达不同逻辑关系的连动句；语篇方面主要分析修辞手法。针对以上的翻译难点，文化负载词的翻译，笔者采用意译法、直译法、释义法来实现对等；在句法层面上，采用增译法、顺译法等；在语篇层面上，修辞采用直译法和意译法实现对等。报告发现，功能对等理论对翻译文学类文本有实际的指导作用，通过追求词汇、句法和语篇三个层次的对等，实现信息传达准确度和译本内容形式和谐的最大化，使得译文更忠实原文，便于读者理解和接受。

Abstract: “If You Read, Spring Will Come” is an article in the 8th issue of the journal Behave with Behavior in 2019, written by Yang Bingyang. In the article, the author first cites the opening words of Zhang Chao’s “Quiet Dream Shadows” to argue that spring is a good time for reading. And then, from his own love of reading since childhood, he points out that reading is an important spiritual food and an important way to remain pure in today’s noisy world. This translation practice report starts from the perspective of functional equivalence theory and takes the translation of “If You Read, Spring Will Come” as the research object, analyzing words, syntax, and discourse to solve the problems in translation. In terms of words, it mainly analyzes culture-loaded words that carry special cultural connotations. In terms of syntax, it mainly analyzes the sentence structure of classical Chinese and the serial-verb sentences that express different logical relations. And the discourse mainly analyzes the rhetorical device. It is found that the functional equivalence theory is a practical guide to the translation of literary texts. By pursuing equivalence at three levels: lexical, syntactic and textual, it optimizes the accuracy of the information conveyed and the formal harmony of the content of the translation, making the translation more faithful to the original and easier for readers to understand and accept.