废旧电池粉末/SBR/PU复合改性沥青高温性能及协同机理
Analysis of the High-Temperature Performance and Micro-Mechanism of Waste Battery Powder/SBR/PU Composite Modified Asphalt
DOI: 10.12677/hjce.2025.146165, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 陈 翔*, 聂忆华#, 鲍俊霖, 吴谨辰, 俞光磊, 梁政午, 杜泓毅：湖南科技大学土木工程学院，湖南 湘潭
关键词: 改性沥青；老化性能；MSCR试验；FTIR；Modified Asphalt； Aging Performance； MSCR Test； FTIR
摘要: 为解决废旧电池回收再利用与路用沥青材料性能提升的双重需求，研究通过创造性地将废旧电池粉末(Waste Battery Powder, WBP)、丁苯橡胶(Styrene-Butadiene Rubber, SBR)与聚氨酯(Polyurethane, PU)混合加入基质沥青，成功制备了一种新型的WBP/SBR/PU复合改性沥青材料。借助多重应力蠕变恢复(Multiple Stress Creep Recovery, MSCR)试验以及傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, FTIR)分析，全面探究了该材料在未老化、短期老化(Rolling Thin Film Oven Test, RTFOT)以及长期老化(Pressure Aging Vessel, PAV)状态下的高温性能和微观作用机理。研究结果显示，相较于基质沥青，WBP/SBR/PU复合改性沥青在各个老化阶段的高温性能均得到了显著提升。在0.1 kPa应力水平下，蠕变恢复率R分别提高了348% (未老化)和142% (短期老化)；在3.2 kPa应力水平下，蠕变恢复率R分别增加了673% (未老化)和235% (短期老化)。此外，不可恢复蠕变柔量Jnr大幅降低，长期老化后在0.1 kPa应力水平下的Jnr值降幅为89.5%，优于基质沥青80.6%的降幅。进一步分析发现，WBP/SBR/PU复合改性沥青的应力敏感性指标Rdiff和Jnrdiff在长期老化后分别下降了23.5%和13.7%，展现出其在高温条件下更优的抗老化性能。通过FTIR分析，揭示了WBP/SBR/PU复合改性沥青的微观协同作用机理。SBR与PU通过物理共混以及氢键作用，增强了沥青的弹性模量；而WBP作为一种功能性填料，显著提升了界面粘结性能。这种协同效应使得WBP/SBR/PU复合改性沥青在高温重载场景下展现出低应力敏感性和更优的抗老化性能。
Abstract: To address the dual demands of recycling and reusing waste batteries and enhancing the performance of road asphalt materials, a novel WBP/SBR/PU composite modified asphalt material was successfully prepared by creatively blending waste battery powder (WBP), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), and polyurethane (PU) into the base asphalt. Through multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) tests and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, the high-temperature performance and microscopic interaction mechanism of this material in unaged, short-term aged (Rolling Thin Film Oven Test, RTFOT), and long-term aged (Pressure Aging Vessel, PAV) states were comprehensively investigated. The research results show that compared with the base asphalt, the high-temperature performance of the WBP/SBR/PU composite modified asphalt has been significantly improved at all aging stages. At a stress level of 0.1 kPa, the creep recovery rate R increased by 348% (unaged) and 142% (short-term aged), respectively; at a stress level of 3.2 kPa, the creep recovery rate R increased by 673% (unaged) and 235% (short-term aged), respectively. In addition, the non-recoverable creep compliance Jnr was significantly reduced, with a decrease of 89.5% at a stress level of 0.1 kPa after long-term aging, which is better than the 80.6% decrease of the base asphalt. Further analysis revealed that the stress sensitivity indices Rdiff and Jnrdiff of the WBP/SBR/PU composite modified asphalt decreased by 23.5% and 13.7%, respectively, after long-term aging, demonstrating its superior anti-aging performance at high temperatures. Through FTIR analysis, the microscopic synergistic interaction mechanism of the WBP/SBR/PU composite modified asphalt was revealed. SBR and PU enhanced the elastic modulus of the asphalt through physical blending and hydrogen bonding, while WBP, as a functional filler, significantly improved the interfacial bonding performance. This synergistic effect enables the WBP/SBR/PU composite modified asphalt to exhibit low stress sensitivity and superior anti-aging performance in high-temperature and heavy-load scenarios.
文章引用：陈翔, 聂忆华, 鲍俊霖, 吴谨辰, 俞光磊, 梁政午, 杜泓毅. 废旧电池粉末/SBR/PU复合改性沥青高温性能及协同机理[J]. 土木工程, 2025, 14(6): 1534-1545. https://doi.org/10.12677/hjce.2025.146165

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