诸暨市应店街镇崩滑流地质灾害形成条件分析及防治对策

Analysis of the Formation Conditions and Prevention Countermeasures of Landslide, Slide and Current Geological Disasters in Yingdianjie Town, Zhuji City

摘要: 以浙江省诸暨市应店街镇为研究区域，结合气候气象、地形地貌、岩土体类型和人类工程活动等指标体系，并通过物探、钻探和GIS遥感等技术手段，综合分析以往地质灾害致灾模式条件和成灾条件，并提出相应的防治对策。研究结果表明：1) 应店街镇地质灾害类型有崩塌、滑坡、泥石流、地面塌陷4种类型，以崩滑流地质灾害为主，规模均为小型，崩滑流地质灾害主要发生在西部低山丘陵区，东部地质灾害密度较小。2) 滑坡以土质、岩土质类型为主，主要发育在丘陵区和平原残丘区土层、风化层较厚的斜坡地带，发育的地形坡度多在35˚以上的斜坡，主要成灾模式是降雨型滑坡，滑动形式以推移式为主；崩塌主要为岩质崩塌和岩土质崩塌两类，岩质崩塌致灾模式主要为倾倒式、岩土质崩塌致灾模式为滑移式；地面塌陷致灾模式主要为地下采空区导致。3) 应店街镇地质灾害与区域构造关系不明显，主要以小范围斜坡灾害为主；人类工程活动是崩滑流地质灾害发生的重要因素，主要表现在人工建房切坡；长期持续降雨和短时间强降雨是崩滑流地质灾害发生的激化因素。4) 应店街镇崩滑流地质灾害主要发育于以较坚硬—软弱片状片麻岩、变粒岩为主的岩组(Bg)、以坚硬块状熔结凝灰岩为主的岩组(Hi)和以较坚硬—较软弱层状粉砂岩、泥岩为主的细碎屑岩岩组(Sf)分布区。

Abstract: Taking Yingdianjie Town in Zhuji City, Zhejiang Province as the study area, and combining climate and meteorological conditions, topography, lithology, and human engineering activities as the index system, this research comprehensively analyzes the conditions and mechanisms of geological disaster formation in the region through geophysical exploration, drilling, and GIS remote sensing technologies. The findings indicate that: 1) The types of geological disasters in Yingdianjie Town include collapses, landslides, debris flows, and ground subsidence, with collapse and landslide disasters being predominant, all of which are small in scale. 2) Collapse and landslide disasters mainly occur in the western low mountain and hilly areas, while the eastern part of the town has a lower density of geological disasters. 3) Landslides primarily develop in hilly areas and residual hill plains where the soil layer and weathered layer are relatively thick on slopes. The main disaster mode is rainfall-induced landslides, with the sliding form being predominantly translational. Collapses are mainly of two types: rock collapses and rock-soil collapses, with rock collapses primarily occurring as toppling failures and rock-soil collapses as sliding failures. Debris flows are mainly slope-type, developing on slopes with generally thin soil layers and distinct boundaries with the underlying bedrock. They often occur on steep slopes with slight depressions and are triggered by short periods of intense rainfall, showing significant group occurrence and long strip features after the event. 4) The geological disasters in Yingdianjie Town are not significantly related to regional tectonic activities, mainly consisting of small-scale slope disasters. Human engineering activities are an important factor in the occurrence of collapse and landslide disasters, mainly manifested in slope cutting for building construction. Long-term continuous rainfall and short-term intense rainfall are the triggering factors for the occurrence of collapse and landslide disasters.