高原高寒地区碳纤维加热线抗凝冰沥青路面技术研究与应用

Research and Application of Carbon Fiber Heating Anticoagulant Ice Asphalt Pavement Technology in High-Altitude and Cold Regions

摘要: 针对高原高寒地区沥青道路冬季结冰严重、传统抗凝冰方法效率低且污染大等问题。本文以久马高速公路为依托，研究碳纤维加热抗凝冰沥青路面技术的应用效果。通过埋设碳纤维发热线，结合隔热保温层与精细化施工工艺，验证其导电导热性能及抗凝冰效果。试验结果表明，碳纤维发热线可将电能高效转化为热能，使路面温度均匀提升至冰点以上，显著延迟结冰时间并降低冰层增厚速度。经检测可知，碳纤维发热线电阻偏差小于5%，温度波动范围4.7℃~5.3℃，路面弯沉值满足设计要求(≤30 × 0.01 mm)。这表明该技术可以有效地解决高原高寒地区道路结冰问题，兼具环保性和高效性，为类似地区交通建设提供了一些新的思路，但长期稳定性和成本优化仍需进一步研究。

Abstract: In response to the serious winter icing of asphalt roads in high-altitude and cold regions, as well as the low efficiency and high pollution of traditional anti icing methods. This article is based on the Jiuma Expressway and studies the application effect of carbon fiber heating anticoagulant ice asphalt pavement technology. By burying carbon fiber heating wires and combining them with thermal insulation layers and refined construction techniques, the electrical and thermal conductivity as well as anti icing effect are verified. The experimental results show that the carbon fiber heating wire can efficiently convert electrical energy into thermal energy, uniformly raise the road surface temperature above freezing point, significantly delay the freezing time, and reduce the rate of ice layer thickening. According to testing, the deviation of the carbon fiber heating wire resistance is less than 5%, the temperature fluctuation range is 4.7˚C~5.3˚C, and the road surface deflection value meets the design requirements (≤30 × 0.01 mm). This indicates that the technology can effectively solve the problem of road icing in high-altitude and cold regions, with both environmental friendliness and efficiency, providing some new ideas for transportation construction in similar areas. However, further research is needed for long-term stability and cost optimization.