戏剧教学对培养幼儿问题解决能力的价值与对策研究

Research on the Value and Countermeasures of Drama Teaching in Cultivating Preschool Children’s Problem-Solving Ability

摘要: 问题解决能力是幼儿适应社会与终身发展的核心素养。戏剧教学作为一种跨学科教学方法，为幼儿问题解决能力的培养提供了创新路径。基于小、中、大班戏剧教学案例分析，研究发现戏剧教学从问题情境创设、社会性互动引导、经验迁移整合及学习品质培养四个方面，促进幼儿问题解决能力的发展。针对实践问题，文章提出六项可操作性策略：精选主题与冲突情境设计、优化戏剧环境与材料支持、尊重幼儿主体性并灵活引导、实施科学评价与教学反思、捕捉生活教育契机、联动家园社资源。

Abstract: Problem-solving ability is the core literacy for preschool children to adapt to society and achieve lifelong development. As an interdisciplinary teaching method, drama teaching provides an innovative approach to cultivating preschool children’s problem-solving abilities. Based on the analysis of drama teaching cases in small, middle, and large classes, this study finds that drama teaching promotes the development of preschool children’s problem-solving ability from four aspects: the creation of problem situations, the guidance of social interaction, the integration of experience transfer, and the cultivation of learning qualities. In response to practical problems, six operational strategies are proposed: carefully selecting themes and designing conflict situations, optimizing the support of drama environment and materials, respecting the subjectivity of preschool children and guiding them flexibly, implementing scientific evaluation and teaching reflection, seizing educational opportunities in daily life, and integrating the resources of families, kindergartens, and society.