特质冲动性对延迟决策的影响：基于双系统理论的解释

The Effect of Trait Impulsivity on Delayed Decision Making: An Interpretation Based on Two-System Theory

摘要: 基于双系统理论，探寻不同启动方式对冲动性人格与自控性人格延迟决策的影响。随机招募被试233人，采用2 (人格特质：冲动性人格/自控性人格) 2 (启动方式：金钱概念/时间概念)的被试间设计，检验不同自变量分组下被试延迟选择频数以及最终完成特定情景下的决策任务所产生的决策时间。分析结果可知，不同启动方式的主效应显著(F = 4.768, p < 0.05, η² = 0.038)，即时间概念启动下无论被试人格特质冲动与否，个体均倾向于延迟决策；不同启动方式与不同人格特质交互作用显著(F = 5.599, p < 0.05, η² = 0.044)，自控性人格个体在两种启动方式下做出延迟选择的结果具有显著差异。金钱/时间概念启动会影响个体做出延迟选择，时间概念启动下不同群体都倾向于做出延迟选择。自控性个体在时间启动下会有更多的思考，相较于金钱启动会更加倾向于延迟选择。

Abstract: Based on the two-system theory, to explore the effects of different priming methods on delayed decision making of impulsive personality and self-control personality. A total of 233 subjects were randomly recruited, and an intersubject design of 2 (personality trait: impulsive personality/self-control personality) and 2 (priming way: money concept/time concept) was used to test the frequency of delayed choice and the decision time generated by finally completing the decision-making task in a specific situation under different independent variable groups. The results showed that the main effects of different priming methods were significant (F = 4.768, p < 0.05, η² = 0.038), that is, under the priming of time concept, no matter whether the personality trait was impulsive or not, individuals tended to delay decision-making. The interaction between different priming methods and different personality traits was significant (F = 5.599, p < 0.05, η² = 0.044). There were significant differences in the results of delay selection of self-control personality individuals under the two priming methods. Money/time concept priming can affect individuals to make delayed choices, and different groups tend to make delayed choices under time concept priming. Self-control individuals were more likely to delay their choice when primed with time than when primed with money.