医科类院校大学生心理危机干预需求研究

Study of College Students’ Psychological Crisis Intervention in a Medical University

摘要: 本研究旨在研究医科类院校学生心理危机现况以获得其对心理危机干预真正需求，为校园心理健康工作提出指导意见。方法：本研究使用方便抽样方法，通过线上社交平台收集数据，共收集有效数据169份，获得心理危机现状，以分析医科类院校大学生对精神卫生服务的需求。结果：数据结果显示，通过EXCEL描述性分析人口学特征百分比、平均分、方差等结论，利用IBM SPSS 26软件求得心理健康量表的总均分为2.586 ± 0.877显著高于一般水平(t = 8.742, P < 0.05)，根据人口学特征分类分析得出男女心理危机检出率无明显差异(χ² = 5.287, P > 0.05)，大一新生、大四、大五毕业生心理危机检出率有显著差异(χ² = 11.976, P < 0.05)。结论：某医科类院校心理危机现状情况不容乐观，相关部门应该引起重视，随着思想的进步，男女生对心理危机干预的需求无显著差异；新生、毕业生面对生活环境变化对心理危机干预的需求性更高，应该加强对于重点人群的关注；医学生所面临的心理危机主要源于人际交往和学习方面的压力，这些因素对其心理健康产生了负面影响。其中，人际关系压力是导致医学生心理危机最重要的因素。

Abstract: Objective: This study aims to study the current situation of psychological crisis in medical colleges to obtain their demand for psychological crisis intervention and to provide guidance for mental health on campus. Methods: This study used the convenient sampling method to collect data through online social platforms, and collected a total of 169 valid data, to obtain the current situation of psychological crisis, to analyze the needs of medical students for mental health services. Results: The data results showed that the total mean score of mental health scale of 2.586 ± 0.877 was significantly higher than the general level (t = 8.742, P < 0.05), and the detection rate of psychological crisis (χ² = 5.287, P > 0.05), and that the detection rate of freshmen, seniors and senior graduates was significantly different (χ² = 11.976, P < 0.05). Conclusion: The current situation of psychological crisis in a medical college is not optimistic, relevant departments should pay attention, with the progress of thinking, the demand for psychological crisis intervention between male and female students has more demand for psychological crisis intervention in living environment changes, and should pay attention to key groups; the psychological crisis faced by medical students is mainly due to interpersonal communication and learning pressure, these factors have a negative impact on their mental health. Among them, interpersonal relationship pressure is the most important factor leading to the psychological crisis of medical students.