基于三维点云处理的危岩体识别
Identification of Unstable Rock Masses Based on 3D Point Cloud Processing
摘要: 高位危岩体因高差显著、坡度陡峭，难以通过人工直接接触调查。文章以桂林市临桂区会仙镇大神山石灰岩矿山边坡危岩体为例，采用无人机摄影测量的方法进行数据采集，通过影像后期处理软件对点云数据处理后，采用DBSCAN点云聚类算法，将点云区分为危岩体点云和非危岩体点云，实现对危岩体的识别与范围界定。研究成果对高位危岩体的调查与评价具有一定参考价值。
Abstract: High-position unstable rock masses are challenging to investigate through direct manual surveys due to their significant elevation differences and steep slopes. Taking the limestone quarry slope at Dashan Mountain in Huixian Town, Lingui District, Guilin City, as an example, this study utilized UAV photogrammetry for data acquisition. After processing the point cloud data using image post-processing software, the DBSCAN clustering algorithm was employed to classify the point clouds into unstable rock mass points and non-unstable rock mass points, thereby achieving the identification and boundary delineation of unstable rock masses. The research findings provide valuable references for the investigation and evaluation of high-position unstable rock masses.
文章引用：姜一帆, 梁德贤, 庞淇元, 王莹, 唐久龙. 基于三维点云处理的危岩体识别[J]. 地球科学前沿, 2025, 15(6): 955-972. https://doi.org/10.12677/ag.2025.156090

参考文献

[1] 李娟. 小金县震后地质灾害危险性评价研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 成都: 成都理工大学, 2012.
[2] 田尤, 杨为民, 刘廷, 等. 空间高分辨率数字正射影像黄土区地质灾害解译特征与应用:以甘肃天水麦积区幅为例[J]. 现代地质, 2016, 30(5): 1160-1169.
[3] Derron, M.-H., Jaboyedoff, M. and Blikra, L.H. (2005) Preliminary Assessment of Rockslide and Rockfall Hazards Using a DEM (Oppstadhornet, Norway). Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 5, 285-292. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[4] Rossi, M., Sarro, R., Reichenbach, P. and Mateos, R.M. (2021) Probabilistic Identification of Rockfall Source Areas at Regional Scale in El Hierro (Canary Islands, Spain). Geomorphology, 381, Article ID: 107661. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[5] Loye, A., Jaboyedoff, M. and Pedrazzini, A. (2009) Identification of Potential Rockfall Source Areas at a Regional Scale Using a Dem-Based Geomorphometric Analysis. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 9, 1643-1653. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[6] 李德仁, 李明. 无人机遥感系统的研究进展与应用前景[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2014, 39(5): 505-513+40.
[7] 张祖勋. 数字摄影测量的发展与展望[J]. 地理信息世界, 2004(3): 1-5.
[8] 汪磊. 数字近景摄影测量技术的理论研究与实践[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 郑州: 中国人民解放军信息工程大学, 2002.
[9] 刘子侠. 基于数字近景摄影测量的岩体结构面信息快速采集的研究应用[D]: [博士学位论文]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2009.
[10] 韩东亮. 数字近景摄影测量获取岩体结构面几何信息的方法研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2014.
[11] 马立广. 地面三维激光扫描测量技术研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 武汉: 武汉大学, 2005.
[12] Slob, S., van Knapen, B., Hack, R., Turner, K. and Kemeny, J. (2005) Method for Automated Discontinuity Analysis of Rock Slopes with Three-Dimensional Laser Scanning. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1913, 187-194. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[13] Slob, S., Hack, R. and Turner, A.K. (2002) An Approach to Automate Discontinuity Measurements of Rock Faces Using Laser Scanning Techniques. Proceedings of the ISRM International Symposium, Funchal, 25-27 November 2002.
[14] Feng, Q.H. and Röshoff, K. (2004) In-situ Mapping and Documentation of Rock Faces Using a Full-Coverage 3d Laser Scanning Technique. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 41, 139-144. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[15] 董秀军, 黄润秋. 三维激光扫描技术在高陡边坡地质调查中的应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2006(S2): 3629-3635.
[16] 刘昌军, 张顺福, 丁留谦, 等. 基于激光扫描的高边坡危岩体识别及锚固方法研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2012, 31(10): 2139-2146.
[17] Colomina, I. and Molina, P. (2014) Unmanned Aerial Systems for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing: A Review. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 92, 79-97. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[18] 黄海宁, 黄健, 周春宏, 等. 无人机影像在高陡边坡危岩体调查中的应用[J]. 水文地质工程地质, 2019, 46(6): 149-155.
[19] 马显东, 周剑, 张路青, 等. 强震区公路沿线崩塌危岩体特征提取及失稳分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2022, 41(S1): 2901-2914.
[20] 陈娜. 基于三维激光扫描的边坡岩体结构信息提取和变形监测研究[D]: [博士学位论文]. 武汉: 武汉大学, 2018.
[21] Albarelli, D.S.N.A., Mavrouli, O.C. and Nyktas, P. (2021) Identification of Potential Rockfall Sources Using Uav-Derived Point Cloud. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 80, 6539-6561. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]