肝硬化门静脉血栓形成危险因素研究进展
Research Progress on Risk Factors of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Liver Cirrhosis
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2025.1571961, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 李先柳, 赵红雲*：重庆医科大学附属第二医院消化内科，重庆
关键词: 肝硬化；门静脉血栓；危险因素 ；Liver Cirrhosis； Portal Vein Thrombosis； Risk Factor
摘要: 肝硬化患者门静脉血栓(PVT)形成的危险因素复杂多样，涉及血流动力学改变、凝血功能异常及炎症反应等多方面因素。近年来研究表明，肝硬化严重程度(如Child-Pugh分级和MELD评分)、门静脉血流速度减慢、脾功能亢进、凝血因子失衡(如蛋白C、蛋白S缺乏)以及遗传性易栓症(如因子V Leiden突变)是PVT发生的重要危险因素。此外，感染、手术和介入治疗等也可能增加PVT形成风险。为临床早期识别高危患者和制定预防策略提供理论依据，本文对肝硬化PVT形成的危险因素及其机制研究进展进行综述。
Abstract: The formation of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in patients with liver cirrhosis involves complex and diverse risk factors, including hemodynamic changes, coagulation dysfunction, and inflammatory responses, among others. Recent studies have showed that the severity of liver cirrhosis (such as Child-Pugh classification and MELD score), decreased portal vein blood flow velocity, hypersplenism, imbalance in coagulation factors (e.g., deficiency of protein C and protein S), and inherited thrombophilia (such as factor V Leiden mutation) are significant risk factors for PVT. Furthermore, the risk of PVT formation may also be heightened by infections, surgeries, and interventional treatments. This article reviews the research advancements related to the risk factors and mechanisms of PVT formation in liver cirrhosis in order to establish a theoretical foundation for the early clinical identification of high-risk patients and the formulation of preventive strategies.
文章引用：李先柳, 赵红雲. 肝硬化门静脉血栓形成危险因素研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(7): 90-96. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.1571961

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