瞿麦对CCl₄诱导的大鼠的肝纤维化改善作用研究

Study on the Ameliorative Effect of Dianthus superbus L. on CCl₄-Induced Hepatic Fibrosis in Rats

摘要: 目的：研究瞿麦对CCl₄所致肝纤维化模型大鼠的干预效果。方法：将40只SPF级SD雄性大鼠随机分为4组(空白组、模型组、瞿麦组、水飞蓟素)，通过40% CCl₄ + 玉米油腹腔注射构建肝纤维化模型，连续造模8周。灌胃给予瞿麦醇提物及水飞蓟素，检测血清中肝功能指标AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase)、ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase)及肝纤维化标志物HA (Hyaluronic acid)、LN (Laminin)、PCIII (Procollagen III)、COLIV (Collagen Type IV)水平，并通过HE染色和Masson染色观察肝组织病理变化。结果：与模型组相比，瞿麦组显著降低血清AST、ALT、HA、LN、PCIII及COLIV水平(p < 0.05)，瞿麦组对肝组织病理改善最为显著，表现为肝细胞排列规整、纤维间隔减少、胶原沉积显著降低，接近阳性对照组水平。结论：瞿麦可通过改善肝脏功能、降低纤维化指标改善肝纤维化，为抗肝纤维化药物研发提供了新方向。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the intervention effects of Dianthus superbus L. on CCl₄-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. Methods: Forty SPF-grade male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, model group, DS group, and silymarin group. Hepatic fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 40% CCl₄ in corn oil for 8 consecutive weeks. The rats were then administered DS ethanol extract or silymarin via oral gavage. Serum levels of liver function markers, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), as well as hepatic fibrosis markers—Hyaluronic acid (HA), Laminin (LN), Procollagen III (PCIII), and Collagen type IV (COLIV) were measured. Histopathological changes in liver tissues were assessed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Masson staining. Results: Compared with the model group, the DS group exhibited significantly reduced serum levels of AST, ALT, HA, LN, PCIII, and COLIV (p < 0.05). The most pronounced histopathological improvement was observed in the DS group, characterized by well-arranged hepatocytes, reduced fibrous septa, and markedly decreased collagen deposition, approaching levels comparable to those in the positive control group. Conclusion: DS ameliorates hepatic fibrosis by improving liver function and reducing fibrotic markers, providing a potential new direction for the development of anti-fibrotic drugs.