蓝色贸易壁垒对制造业出口竞争力的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Blue Trade Barriers on the Export Competitiveness of the Manufacturing Industry

摘要: 促进出口产品质量升级，提高出口竞争力是推动制造业高质量发展的重要举措之一，而非关税性壁垒——蓝色贸易壁垒正在悄然改变着世界贸易的格局。本文基于2002~2020年各国的数据，从劳工标准、出口竞争优势等相关指标研究各国蓝色贸易壁垒对出口竞争力的作用机理。研究发现，各国劳工标准能够有效促进出口竞争优势的提升，从而有利于促进各国出口竞争力的提高。再通过不同经济发展水平国家以及不同政治联盟国家的异质性研究发现：发达国家的劳工标准对出口竞争优势产生显著正向影响，欧盟国家的劳工标准对出口竞争优势的提升影响也更为明显。本文从劳工标准视角，研究蓝色贸易壁垒对出口竞争力的影响，对推动我国的出口竞争力的提升具有一定的借鉴意义。

Abstract: Promoting the quality upgrade of export products and enhancing export competitiveness is one of the important measures to promote the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry. However, non-tariff barriers—the so-called “blue trade barriers”—are quietly reshaping the global trade landscape. Based on data from 2002 to 2020 for various countries, this paper studies the mechanism by which blue trade barriers affect export competitiveness through relevant indicators such as labor standards and export competitive advantage. The research finds that labor standards in various countries can effectively promote the improvement of export competitive advantage, thereby facilitating the enhancement of export competitiveness. Through heterogeneity studies of countries at different economic development levels and those in different political alliances, it is discovered that labor standards in developed countries have a significant positive impact on export competitive advantage, and the labor standards of EU countries have a more pronounced effect on the improvement of export competitive advantage. This paper, from the perspective of labor standards, examines the impact of blue trade barriers on export competitiveness, which has certain reference significance for promoting the improvement of China’s export competitiveness.