煤炭清洁利用技术及环境影响评估综述

Overview of Coal Clean Utilization Technologies and Environmental Impact Assessment

摘要: 煤炭作为我国主要能源之一，其传统利用方式带来了显著的环境污染与碳排放问题。为实现“双碳”目标，煤炭清洁利用技术受到广泛关注。本研究系统综述了超低排放燃煤发电、煤炭气化与液化、洗选提质、碳捕集与封存(CCUS)等核心技术，利用环境影响评估(EIA)方法，考虑了大气污染、水资源消耗、固废处理及碳排放等影响因素，分析了环境效益。研究表明，煤炭清洁技术在提升能效、降低污染方面成效显著，若加强与可再生能源的融合，将推动绿色转型与政策协同发展。

Abstract: As one of the major energy sources in China, the traditional use of coal has brought about significant environmental pollution and carbon emission problems. In order to achieve the goal of “double carbon”, coal clean utilization technologies have received wide attention. This paper systematically reviews the core technologies of ultra-low emission coal-fired power generation, coal gasification and liquefaction, washing and quality improvement, and carbon capture and storage (CCUS), and analyzes their environmental benefits in terms of air pollution, water resource consumption, solid waste treatment, and carbon emissions in conjunction with the environmental impact assessment (EIA) methodology. The study shows that coal clean technology is effective in improving energy efficiency and reducing pollution. In the future, the integration with renewable energy should be strengthened to promote green transformation and policy synergy.