农村居民医疗支出的影响因素研究

Study on the Factors Affecting Medical Expenditure of Rural Residents

摘要: 结合2022年中国家庭追踪调查数据，利用LASSO回归及分位数回归对农村地区居民的医疗支出进行实证分析。结果发现：不同分位的医疗支出，其影响因素效应各异。对于医疗支出水平较低的居民，应着重关注的影响因素为年龄、性别、半年内是否有慢性疾病、地区医疗水平；对于医疗支出水平中等的居民，应着重关注的影响因素为是否参加城镇职工医疗保险、地区经济水平、是否锻炼身体；对于医疗支出水平较高的居民，应着重关注的影响因素为是否有配偶、是否有工作；此外，性别和每千乡村人口村卫生室机构数是医疗支出处于较低和较高水平时都需要关注的因素。并基于此给出政策建议。

Abstract: Based on the data of the 2022 China Household Longitudinal Survey, LASSO regression and quantile regression were used. Conclusion The influencing factors of medical expenditure in different quantiles have different effects. For residents with low levels of medical expenditure, the influencing factors that should be paid attention to are age, gender, whether there are chronic diseases within half a year, and regional medical level; For residents with medium medical expenditure, the influencing factors that should be paid attention to are whether they participate in urban employee medical insurance, regional economic level, and whether they exercise well; For residents with a high level of medical expenditure, the influencing factors that should be paid attention to are whether they have a spouse and whether they have a job; In addition, gender and the number of clinic facilities per 1000 rural population are factors that need to be taken into account when health expenditure is low and high. And based on this, policy recommendations are given.