农村电商发展对城乡收入差距的影响——基于省域面板数据分析

The Impact of Rural E-Commerce Development on Urban-Rural Income Gap—Based on Provincial Panel Data Analysis

摘要: 农村电商发展为农村居民增收和农村经济发展注入活力。本文基于2013~2020年全国31个省份的面板数据，实证研究了农村电商发展对城乡收入差距的影响。研究发现：(1) 农村电商发展能显著缩小城乡收入差距，但政府支持力度提高反而会扩大该差距；(2) 农村电商对城乡收入差距的抑制作用在收入差距较大的地区显著减弱。基于上述结论，本文提出以下建议：政府应在现有基础上，通过开展定向培训、优化农村物流基础设施、支持特色农产品线上销售等手段，改善农村及欠发达地区的电商环境；同时通过平台补贴、信息服务等方式提升中低收入群体参与度，并促进资源公平配置，以更有效发挥电商的增收效应。

Abstract: The development of rural e-commerce has injected vitality into the income increase of rural residents and the development of rural economy. This paper empirically investigates the impact of rural e-commerce development on the urban-rural income gap based on panel data from 31 provinces across China from 2013 to 2020. It is found that (1) the development of rural e-commerce can significantly reduce the urban-rural income gap, but the increase in government support will instead widen the gap; (2) the inhibitory effect of rural e-commerce on the urban-rural income gap is significantly weakened in the areas with larger income gaps. Based on the above conclusions, this paper puts forward the following suggestions: the government should, building on existing efforts, improve the e-commerce environment in rural and underdeveloped areas by implementing targeted training programs, enhancing rural logistics infrastructure, and supporting the online marketing of local specialty agricultural products. At the same time, platform subsidies and information services should be employed to increase the participation of low- and middle-income groups and promote equitable allocation of resources, thereby enabling e-commerce to more effectively contribute to income growth.