基于地理探测器与景观格局分析的西安市城市热岛时空特征及驱动机制研究
Research on the Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Driving Mechanisms of Urban Heat Island in Xi’an Based on Geographic Detector and Landscape Pattern Analysis
DOI: 10.12677/ojns.2025.134079, PDF,   
作者: 吴 琦：西安外国语大学旅游学院，人文地理研究所，陕西 西安
关键词: 城市热岛效应；地理探测器；景观格局指数；西安市；Urban Heat Island Effect； Geographic Detector； Landscape Pattern Index； Xi’an
摘要: 本文基于多源遥感数据与地理探测器方法，系统分析了西安市中心建成区2019年与2023年不同季节的城市热岛效应时空特征及其驱动机制。研究利用多源数据，提取地表温度并进行温区划分，结合地理探测器定量评估NDVI、气温、道路密度和夜间灯光强度等因素对热岛效应的影响。结果表明，高温区主要分布在城市核心区域，夏季热岛效应最为突出，2019年至2023年间热岛效应呈加剧趋势。气温和夜间灯光强度是影响热岛效应的主要驱动因素，景观格局指数分析显示建筑物密度和形状复杂性对地表温度影响显著，绿地和水体在秋冬季对缓解热岛效应具有潜在作用。研究建议加强核心城区绿地建设与水体保护，优化城市空间布局，提升城市生态系统服务功能，为城市可持续发展和热环境治理提供科学依据。
Abstract: This study systematically analyzes the spatiotemporal characteristics and driving mechanisms of the urban heat island (UHI) effect in the central built-up area of Xi’an during different seasons in 2019 and 2023, based on multi-source remote sensing data and the geographic detector method. Surface temperature was extracted and thermal zones delineated using multi-source data, while the geographic detector quantitatively assessed the influence of factors such as NDVI, air temperature, road density, and nighttime light intensity on the UHI effect. Results indicate that high-temperature zones are primarily concentrated in the urban core, with the UHI effect most pronounced in summer and showing an intensifying trend from 2019 to 2023. Air temperature and nighttime light intensity emerged as the main drivers of the UHI effect. Landscape pattern index analysis revealed that building density and shape complexity significantly affect surface temperature, while green spaces and water bodies potentially mitigate the UHI effect during autumn and winter. The study recommends enhancing green space development and water body protection in the urban core, optimizing urban spatial layout, and improving urban ecosystem services to support sustainable urban development and effective thermal environment management.
文章引用：吴琦. 基于地理探测器与景观格局分析的西安市城市热岛时空特征及驱动机制研究[J]. 自然科学, 2025, 13(4): 751-767. https://doi.org/10.12677/ojns.2025.134079

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