基于认知语言学的汉语饮食动词“吃/喝”宾语选择机制及语义扩展研究

A Cognitive Linguistics-Based Study on Object Selection Mechanisms and Semantic Extension of Chinese Food/Drink Verbs “Chi/He”

摘要: 在现代汉语中，由高频及物动词“吃”和“喝”构成的述宾结构“吃/喝 + X”具有显著的能产性和使用频率，是汉语二语教学中的重要语言点。本研究基于语料库语言学方法，对“吃/喝 + X”结构进行系统考察。在对比分析该结构的基础上，本研究聚焦其宾语选择机制，深入探讨“吃”与“喝”在带宾能力上的共性与差异，并重点从宾语中和的认知语义角度对比分析其异同表现及其背后的认知理据。

Abstract: In Modern Chinese, the verb-object constructions “chi/he + X”, formed by the high-frequency transitive verbs “chi” (to eat) and “he” (to drink), exhibit remarkable productivity and usage frequency, constituting a crucial linguistic focus in teaching Chinese as a second language. Based on corpus linguistics methodology, this study systematically examines the “chi/he + X” constructions. Through comparative analysis, it investigates the object selection mechanisms of “chi” and “he”, explores their commonalities and differences in object-taking capacity, and conducts a focused contrastive analysis of object neutralization from cognitive-semantic perspectives to reveal the underlying cognitive motivations.