人参的植物化学和抗脑缺血作用机制的研究进展
Research Advances in the Phytochemistry of Ginseng and the Mechanism of Its Anti-Cerebral Ischemic Action
DOI: 10.12677/tcm.2025.147437, PDF,   
作者: 胡濒月*, 肖 月：成都中医药大学临床医学院，四川 成都；卢 云#：成都中医药大学附属医院急诊科，四川 成都
关键词: 人参；植物化学；脑缺血；药理作用；Ginseng； Phytochemistry； Cerebral Ischemia； Pharmacological Effects
摘要: 人参(Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer)作为五加科人参属的多年生草本植物，在中医药领域备受瞩目，传统中医药理论将其归类为“补气药”的上品药材，已被广泛用于脑缺血(Cerebral Ischemia, CI)的临床治疗中。现代药理学研究证实，该药用植物及其活性成分(如人参皂苷Rg1、Rb1等三萜类化合物)通过抗氧化应激、抑制细胞凋亡、减轻兴奋毒性、保护线粒体等作用机制，对CI展现出显著的神经保护效应。本综述旨在总结人参的植物化学成分与药理作用，为人参及其有效成分在CI中的疗效提供证据，并探讨其中的内在机制。
Abstract: Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, as a perennial herb of the genus Panax in the family Araliaceae, has attracted much attention in the field of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and has been widely used in the clinical treatment of cerebral ischemic diseases, as it is categorized in traditional Chinese medicine theory as a “qi tonic” herb. Modern pharmacological studies have confirmed that this medicinal plant and its active ingredients (such as ginsenosides Rg1, Rb1 and other triterpenoids) exhibit significant neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemic diseases through the mechanisms of anti-oxidative stress, inhibition of apoptosis, attenuation of excitotoxicity, and protection of mitochondria. The aim of this review is to summarize the phytochemical constituents and pharmacological effects of ginseng, provide evidence for the efficacy of ginseng and its active ingredients in cerebral ischemic diseases, and explore the underlying mechanisms.
文章引用：胡濒月, 卢云, 肖月. 人参的植物化学和抗脑缺血作用机制的研究进展[J]. 中医学, 2025, 14(7): 2972-2980. https://doi.org/10.12677/tcm.2025.147437

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