区块链技术在跨境电商信息追溯管理中的应用研究

Research on the Application of Blockchain Technology in Cross-Border E-Commerce Information Traceability Management

摘要: 随着全球商贸活动的信息化浪潮，电子商务行业产品信息的公开和溯源管理要求越来越高。信息数据集中管理中存在信息碎片化、数据易篡改、协作效率低等弊端，无法满足跨境网络数据在不同环节、阶段的追溯需求。区块链技术具有分布式、不可篡改以及可追溯的优势，能为跨境电商信息追溯管理提供一条新思路。本文从区块链技术的特点出发，设计了跨境电商信息追溯管理框架，并基于智能合约及分布式账本技术，构建了一种可由多方协作的信息真实流通的追踪系统。设计过程中，本文选取一种典型的跨境交易数据集进行实验，比较区块链技术追踪系统相对于原有的传统系统的追踪效率、一致性、安全性能等。试验结果表明，区块链技术信息追溯管理方式可提供管理的精确度、可靠性，但是也带来区块链链条上大量数据处理与链间协调等问题。本文为跨境电商信息追溯管理数字化转型提供了实践及依据。

Abstract: As global trade informatization surges, e-commerce demands higher product information transparency and traceability. However, centralized data management suffers from fragmentation, vulnerability to tampering, and low collaboration efficiency, falling short for cross-border data traceability across stages. Blockchain, with its distributed, tamper-proof, and traceable nature, offers a new approach for cross-border e-commerce information tracing. This paper, leveraging blockchain’s features, designs a management framework and builds a multi-party collaborative tracing system using smart contracts and distributed ledger technology. During the design process, this paper employs a typical cross-border transaction dataset for experimentation, aiming to compare the tracking efficiency, consistency, and security performance of the blockchain-based tracking system against those of the original traditional system. Experimental results indicate that the information traceability management approach enabled by blockchain technology can enhance the precision and reliability of management; however, it also introduces challenges such as massive data processing on the blockchain and inter-chain coordination issues. This study provides practical insights and a theoretical basis for the digital transformation of information traceability management in cross-border e-commerce.