血清miR-425-5p与糖尿病认知功能障碍的相关性分析

Correlation Analysis between Serum miR-425-5p and Cognitive Impairment in Diabetes

摘要: 目的：探讨血清miR-425-5p与2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者认知功能障碍(CI)的相关性，以期为CI的早期防治提供参考。方法：选取2024年1月~2024年12月院内收治的135例T2DM患者，根据评估结果分为CI组和无CI组，分析血清miR-425-5p与CI的相关性。结果：135例T2DM患者中有51例合并认知功能障碍，发生率为37.78%，CI组内女性、年龄 ≥ 60岁、文化程度为大专以下的患者比例高于无CI组(P < 0.05)；CI组的miR-425-5p水平低于无CI组(P < 0.05)，且中度组低于轻度组(P < 0.05)；miR-425-5p与MMSE评分呈正相关(P < 0.05)；多因素Logistic分析中女性(OR = 2.976)、年龄 ≥ 60 (OR = 3.483)、病程 ≥ 10年(OR = 3.847)为T2DM患者合并CI危险因素(P < 0.05)，血清miR-425-5p升高(OR = 0.028)和文化程度为大专及以上(OR = 0.173)为T2DM患者合并CI保护因素(P < 0.05)。结论：T2DM合并CI患者的血清miR-425-5p水平异常降低，且与CI病情严重程度有关，性别、年龄、文化程度、病程和miR-425-5p均为T2DM患者合并CI的独立影响因素。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the correlation between serum miR-425-5p and cognitive impairment (CI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), so as to provide reference for the early prevention and treatment of CI. Methods: 135 T2DM patients admitted to the hospital from January 2024 to December 2024 were selected and divided into a CI group and a non CI group based on the evaluation results. The correlation between serum miR-425-5p and CI was analyzed. Results: Among 135 T2DM patients, 51 cases had cognitive dysfunction, with an incidence rate of 37.78%. The proportion of female patients, aged ≥ 60 years, and with education below college level in the CI group was higher than that in the non CI group (P < 0.05); the miR-425-5p level in the CI group was lower than that in the non CI group (P < 0.05), and the moderate group was lower than the mild group (P < 0.05); MiR-425-5p is positively correlated with MMSE score (P < 0.05); in multivariate logistic analysis, female (OR = 2.976), age ≥ 60 (OR = 3.483), and disease duration ≥ 10 years (OR = 3.847) were identified as risk factors for comorbid CI in T2DM patients (P < 0.05). Elevated serum miR-425-5p (OR = 0.028) and education level of college diploma or above (OR = 0.173) were identified as protective factors for comorbid CI in T2DM patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The serum miR-425-5p level in T2DM patients with CI is abnormally reduced and is related to the severity of CI. Gender, age, education level, disease duration, and miR-425-5p are all independent influencing factors for T2DM patients with CI.