人工智能作为《热学》课程答疑工具的测试和探讨

Test and Discussion on Artificial Intelligence as a Q&A Tool for the “Thermodynamics” Course

摘要: 本文探讨了利用现成人工智能模型作为《热学》课程答疑工具的可行性。通过对DeepSeek-V3、DeepSeek-R1、ChatGPT-4.1 mini、Claude-3.5 Haiku和Gemini-2.5 Flash五款模型进行测试，发现DeepSeek-R1表现最佳，能够胜任辅助答疑工作；Gemini-2.5 Flash、ChatGPT-4.1 mini和DeepSeek-V3也可有效减轻教师负担；而Claude-3.5 Haiku则不建议作为答疑工具。测试结果表明，人工智能模型在解答概念题方面表现优秀，在解答进阶性填空题、单选题和计算题方面也展现出一定的能力。在人工智能时代，教师培养学生提出问题的能力比以往显得更加重要。本文的研究可以推广到其他课程，对人工智能辅助教学具有重要的参考价值。

Abstract: This paper explores the feasibility of using existing artificial intelligence (AI) models as a Q&A tool for the “Thermodynamics” course. By testing five models: DeepSeek-V3, DeepSeek-R1, ChatGPT-4.1 mini, Claude-3.5 Haiku, and Gemini-2.5 Flash, it was found that DeepSeek-R1 performed the best and is capable of assisting with Q&A tasks. Gemini-2.5 Flash, ChatGPT-4.1 mini and DeepSeek-V3 can also effectively reduce the burden on instructors, while Claude-3.5 Haiku is not recommended as a Q&A tool. The test results indicate that AI models excel in answering conceptual questions and demonstrate a certain level of ability in addressing advanced fill-in-the-blank questions, multiple-choice questions, and calculation problems. In the era of artificial intelligence, cultivating students’ ability to ask questions is more important than ever for teachers. This research can be generalized to other curricula and provides valuable insights for AI-assisted teaching.