疏水改性纳米材料在油田化学领域研究进展
Research Progress of Hydrophobically Modified Nanomaterials in Oilfield Chemistry
摘要: 岩石表面亲水特性会导致页岩发生剧烈水化作用，引起井壁失稳；此外，水分的侵入也会在储层中形成水相圈闭，造成含水饱和度升高，从而降低原油采收率。在油田化学领域，通过开发疏水改性纳米材料，可以改变井壁或储层岩石表面的润湿性，降低岩石表面的亲水性。从而达到抑制页岩水化、稳定井壁、提高储层油气渗流能力的目的，有效提高油气田的开发效果。本文将对疏水改性纳米材料的制备及其疏水原理进行分析，并详细阐述了疏水改性纳米材料在提高钻井液润滑性、稳定井壁、抑制页岩水化、提高原油采收率四个关于油田化学领域方面的研究进展。最后，随着对深地油气藏、非常规油气藏以及老油田等开发力度的不断加大，针对目前存在的挑战，展望了疏水改性纳米材料在未来发展方向，以满足其在油田化学领域中不断增长的需求。
Abstract: The hydrophilic property of the rock surface can lead to intense hydration of shale, causing instability of the wellbore. In addition, the intrusion of moisture will also form water phase traps in the reservoir, resulting in an increase in water saturation and thereby reducing the crude oil recovery rate. In the field of oilfield chemistry, by developing hydrophobic modified nanomaterials, the wettability of the wellbore or reservoir rock surface can be changed, and the hydrophilicity of the rock surface can be reduced. So as to achieve the purpose of inhibiting shale hydration, stabilizing the wellbore and improving the seepage capacity of oil and gas in the reservoir, and effectively enhancing the development effect of oil and gas fields. This paper will analyze the preparation of hydrophobic modified nanomaterials and their hydrophobic principles, and elaborate in detail the research progress of hydrophobic modified nanomaterials in four aspects related to oilfield chemistry: improving the lubricity of drilling fluid, stabilizing the wellbore, inhibiting shale hydration, and enhancing crude oil recovery rate. Finally, with the continuous increase in the development efforts of deep underground oil and gas reservoirs, unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, and old oil fields, in view of the current challenges, the future development directions of hydrophobic modified nanomaterials are expected to meet their growing demands in the field of oilfield chemistry.
文章引用：李思航, 秦灶均, 段芃杉, 杨淞, 王渐双, 徐建根. 疏水改性纳米材料在油田化学领域研究进展[J]. 矿山工程, 2025, 13(4): 721-728. https://doi.org/10.12677/me.2025.134082

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