精神科医护人员的分裂型特质与共情的关系：领悟社会支持的中介作用

The Relationship between Schizotypy and Empathy in Psychiatric Medical Staff: The Mediating Role of Perceived Social Support

摘要: 目的：本研究考察精神科医护人员的分裂型特质对共情的影响，并探究领悟社会支持在其中可能起到的中介作用。方法：采用人际反应性指针量表、社会快感缺失量表、领悟社会支持量表对某家医院的240名精神科医护人员进行了测量。结果：女性医护人员的分裂型特质显著高于男性，男性医护人员的领悟社会支持显著高于女性，医生的分裂型特质显著低于护士和其他工作人员。精神科医护人员的分裂型特质与领悟社会支持存在显著负相关(r = −0.259, p < 0.01)，与共情存在显著正相关(r = 0.148, p < 0.05)，领悟社会支持与共情存在显著正相关(r = 0.359, p < 0.01)。精神科医护人员的分裂型特质正向预测共情，领悟社会支持在其中起到部分中介作用。结论：精神科医护人员的分裂型特质可以通过领悟社会支持影响到他们的共情。

Abstract: Objective: This study examines the impact of schizotypy in psychiatric medical staff on empathy and explores the potential mediating role of perceived social support. Methods: The Interpersonal Reactivity Index, the Social Anhedonia Scale, and the Perceived Social Support Scale were administered to 240 psychiatric medical staff at a certain hospital. Results: Female medical staff exhibited significantly higher schizotypy compared to males, while male medical staff demonstrated significantly higher perceived social support than females. Doctors exhibited significantly lower schizotypy compared to nurses and other staff. Schizotypy among psychiatric medical staff were significantly negatively correlated with perceived social support (r = −0.259, p < 0.01) and significantly positively correlated with empathy (r = 0.148, p < 0.05). Perceived social support was significantly positively correlated with empathy (r = 0.359, p < 0.01). Schizotypy positively predicted empathy among psychiatric medical staff, with perceived social support playing a partial mediating role. Conclusion: Schizotypy in psychiatric medical staff can influence their empathy through perceived social support.