贵州省雷山县茶产业联农带农效应评价

Evaluation of the Effect of Tea Industry in Linking and Benefiting Farmers in Leishan County, Guizhou Province

摘要: 本文从“三农”角度出发，构建了联农带农评价指标体系，对于探究贵州省雷山县茶产业发展问题、增强茶产业与农户的融合程度和推动实现乡村振兴都具有重要意义。本文尝试构建了包括3个一级指标、8个二级指标和21个三级指标的茶产业联农带农效应评价指标体系，并对6个茶企业的联农带农水平进行了评价。研究发现，雷山县的茶产业作为当地的主导产业，经过这些年不断发展，其联农带农取得了一定成效，但总体上看还是处于起步发展阶段。各企业联农带农效应水平在0.27~0.528之间，平均值为0.349，属于较低水平。茶企发挥联农带农效应的水平普遍不高，与农户之间的利益联结机制存在企业带动作用不强、联结不紧密和利益分配机制不合理等问题。雷山县可以通过加大对茶产业的财政支持、加强品牌宣传和积极开拓市场来加强茶企的带动作用；同时应建立科学合理的利益分配模型和风险共担机制来完善利益联结机制，保障合作各方利益。

Abstract: This study develops an evaluation index system for the effect of linking farmers and benefiting farmers within the framework of China’s “agriculture, rural areas, and farmers” (the “three rurals”) policy, providing critical insights into resolving developmental bottlenecks in Leishan County’s tea industry, strengthening farmer-industry integration, and accelerating rural revitalization in Guizhou Province. A tri-level metric architecture—comprising 3 macro-dimensions, 8 operational criteria, and 21 granular indicators—was designed to quantify the effect of linking farmers and benefiting farmers of six tea enterprises. Empirical results demonstrate that despite Leishan’s tea sector functioning as a regional economic anchor, its capacity for linking farmers and benefiting farmers remains nascent. The level of the effect of each enterprise in linking and benefiting farmers ranges from 0.27 to 0.528, with an average of 0.349, which is at a relatively low level. The level at which tea enterprises can exert the effect of linking and benefiting farmers is generally not high. There are problems such as weak leading role of enterprises, loose connection and unreasonable benefit distribution mechanism in the interest connection mechanism between tea enterprises and farmers. Leishan County can enhance the leading role of tea enterprises by increasing financial support for the tea industry, strengthening brand promotion and actively exploring the market. At the same time, a scientific and reasonable benefit distribution model and risk-sharing mechanism should be established to improve the benefit connection mechanism and safeguard the interests of all parties involved in the cooperation.