提取植物色素制作酸碱试纸的学生课外探究活动

Student Extracurricular Exploration Activities on Making Acid-Base Test Paper with Plant Pigment

摘要: 为满足高端技术技能人才贯通培养试验项目学生的知识学习与能力提升需求，文章设计和探究了以植物为原材料制备酸碱指示剂的实验。该实验以酒精为提取剂，从生活中常见的蔬菜、鲜花里提取色素，以此制备酸碱指示剂，并检测色素提取液在不同pH溶液中的变色情况，以及对常见酸、碱溶液的显色效果。研究发现，紫甘蓝、紫色康乃馨和红玫瑰的色素提取液指示效果较为理想，适合用作酸碱指示剂。因此，选取效果较好的紫甘蓝和红玫瑰色素提取液制备酸碱试纸，并探究色素提取液种类、试纸类型和烘干方式对试纸显色效果的影响，得到了令人满意的结果。通过色素提取实验，学生有效掌握了科学知识，显著提升了学生的实验技能与科学合作探究能力，促进学生树立严谨的科学态度。本研究为相关领域的教学实践提供了有益参考。

Abstract: To meet the knowledge acquisition and skill enhancement needs of students in the pilot project for training high-end technical and skilled talents in our college, an experiment was designed and explored to prepare acid-base indicators using plants as raw materials. Using alcohol as the extraction solvent, pigments were extracted from common vegetables and flowers in daily life to prepare acid-base indicators. The color changes of the pigment extracts in solutions of different pH levels, as well as their color reactions to common acidic and alkaline solutions, were tested. The study found that the pigment extracts from purple cabbage, purple carnations, and red roses exhibited ideal indicator effects, making them suitable for use as acid-base indicators. The more effective extracts from purple cabbage and red roses were selected to prepare acid-base test strips. The influences of the type of pigment extract, the type of test paper, and the drying method on the color reaction of the test strips were investigated, yielding satisfactory results. Through the pigment extraction experiment, students effectively mastered scientific knowledge, significantly improved their experimental skills and collaborative scientific inquiry abilities, and developed a rigorous scientific attitude. This study provides valuable references for teaching practices in related fields.