《声无哀乐论》哲思浅析

An Analysis of the Philosophical Thoughts in “On the Sound without Sorrow and Happiness”

摘要: 儒家倡导以礼乐治世，关联于礼乐治世的功能，是传统思想家对于声音与身体与意识、情感关系的种种思考。在魏晋以前，声音与情感的关系问题多以儒家传统乐论所倡导的“声有哀乐”观点为主导，这是历代统治者将礼乐运用于治理国家与教化民众的政治实践的重要根据之一。嵇康所提出的“声无哀乐”观点试图在还原声音之本质的基础上进一步厘清声音与情感之间的真实关系，由此对传统名教的本质与可能性加以反思。聚焦《声无哀乐论》，本文共分为三个部分，首先，对嵇康的学术思想进行了准确定位并分析《声无哀乐论》的创作背景；其次，《声无哀乐论》中的哲学思想进行了浅释，就其中的名实关系、言意关系、主体作用与价值等问题进行了浅层次的探讨，以期由此加深对嵇康和传统礼乐思想相关思想问题的哲学阐释；最后，在此基础上分析《声无哀乐论》中哲学思想的价值意蕴所在。

Abstract: Confucianism advocates governing the world through ritual and music, which is related to the function of ritual and music in governing the world. It is the various thoughts of traditional thinkers on the relationship between sound, body, consciousness, and emotions. Before the Wei and Jin dynasties, the relationship between sound and emotion was mainly based on the Confucian traditional music theory’s advocacy of “sound with sorrow and music”, which was an important basis for rulers throughout history to apply ritual and music to govern the country and educate the people in political practice. The viewpoint of “no sorrow or happiness in sound” proposed by Ji Kang attempts to further clarify the true relationship between sound and emotion on the basis of restoring the essence of sound, and thus reflects on the essence and possibility of traditional Confucianism. Focusing on “The Theory of Sound without Sorrow and Happiness”, this article is divided into three parts. Firstly, it accurately positions Ji Kang’s academic thoughts and analyzes the creative background of “The Theory of Sound without Sorrow and Happiness”; Secondly, the philosophical ideas in “The Theory of Sound without Sorrow and Happiness” were briefly explained, and the relationship between name and reality, language and meaning, subject role and value were explored a shallow level, in order to deepen the philosophical interpretation of the ideological issues related to Ji Kang and traditional ritual and music thought; Finally, based on this, analyze the value and implications of the philosophical ideas in “The Theory of Sound without Sorrow and Happiness”.