南昌某三甲医院急诊创伤中心2929例创伤患者流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of 2929 Trauma Patients in the Emergency Trauma Center of a Tertiary Hospital in Nanchang

摘要: 目的：分析创伤患者流行病学特征，为提高创伤患者救治成功率提供依据。方法：回顾性分析南昌市某三甲医院急诊创伤中心数据库中2020年9月1日~2024年8月31日TI评分 ≥ 16分的2929例创伤患者的临床资料，统计分析患者的性别、年龄、创伤发生时间、致伤原因、创伤部位及类型等数据。结果：本研究共纳入2929例患者，其中男性2112例，女性817例，男女比例为2.60:1，男性平均49.55 ± 18.41岁，女性平均50.40 ± 20.25岁；夜间(22~24时)是创伤患者就诊的高峰时段，凌晨(0~6时)接诊创伤患者数量最少，夏季创伤就诊患者最少(496, 16.93%)，秋季就诊人数最多(1247, 42.57%)；创伤发生的年龄以45岁~59岁(1032, 35.23%)为主，其次是60岁以上(936, 31.96%)，各致伤原因男性均高于女性；交通运输事故(1749, 59.71%)是主要致伤原因，其次是高处坠落/跌倒(846, 28.88%)；创伤部位以头颈部(1803, 61.56%)为主，其次为胸腹部(541, 18.47%)，钝性伤(1904, 61.56%)是主要创伤类型，其次为撕裂伤(892, 30.45%)，不同创伤部位及创伤类型间分布差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.001)。结论：创伤人群中以中青年男性居多，主要的致伤原因是交通运输事故与高处坠落/跌倒，以头颈部受伤为主，且受伤类型多为钝性伤。医疗机构可根据创伤的特征制定相应的措施，以提高创伤救治水平。

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of trauma patients and provide a basis for improving the success rate of trauma patient treatment. Methods The clinical data of 2929 trauma patients with TI scores ≥ 16 from September 1, 2020 to August 31, 2024 in the database of the Emergency Trauma Center of a tertiary hospital in Nanchang City were retrospectively analyzed, and the data on the patients’ gender, age, time of trauma, cause of trauma, and trauma site and type were statistically analyzed. Results The study included a total of 2929 patients, including 2112 males and 817 females, with a male-to-female ratio of 2.60:1, and an average age of 49.55 ± 18.41 years for males and 50.40 ± 20.25 years for females; the nighttime (22~24 hours) was the peak time period for trauma patients to visit the clinic, and the smallest number of patients with trauma were received in the early hours of the morning (0~6 hours), and patients with trauma were seen in the summer months The lowest number of trauma patients were seen in summer (496, 16.93%) and the highest number of patients were seen in fall (1247, 42.57%); the age of trauma patients was 45-59 years old (1032, 35.23%), followed by 60 years old and above (936, 31.96%), and men were more likely to suffer from traumatic injuries than women; transportation accidents (1749, 59.71%) were the main cause of traumatic injuries, followed by falls/falls/trips from heights, which were more common than women’s injuries. Transportation accidents (1749, 59.71%) were the main cause of injuries, followed by falls from height (846, 28.88%); head and neck (1803, 61.56%) were the main trauma sites, followed by chest and abdomen (541, 18.47%); blunt injuries (1904, 61.56%) were the main type of trauma, followed by lacerations (892, 30.45%); The difference in distribution between different trauma sites and trauma types was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusion The trauma population consisted of mostly young and middle-aged male, and the main causes of injuries were transportation accidents and falls/trips, with a predominance of head and neck injuries, and the types of injuries were mostly blunt injuries. Medical institutions can develop appropriate measures according to the characteristics of trauma in order to improve trauma care.