“推普”视域下汉、维语音差异对比研究

A Comparative Study of the Differences between Mandarin and Uyghur Pronunciation from the Perspective of “Putonghua Promotion”

摘要: 普通话作为国家通用语言，是我国各民族交往、交流、交融的重要纽带。2035年实现“国家通用语言文字在全国范围内的普及要更全面、更充分，在民族地区、农村地区的普及率要显著提高”的目标是“后‘推普’时代”的攻坚工作。新疆南疆地区的一些区域作为民族地区、边疆地区和农村扶贫重点区域，普通话普及率要显著提高需要新思路、新方法。受母语迁移等因素影响，母语非汉语学习者在普通话习得过程中往往面临诸多障碍。本文聚焦汉语与维吾尔语在发音部位和发音方法上的系统性差异，通过对比分析揭示语音习得难点，旨在为少数民族学习者提供针对性学习策略，助力国家通用语言推广普及，促进各民族语言相通，心灵相通。

Abstract: As the national common language, Mandarin serves as a crucial bond for communication, exchange, and integration among all ethnic groups in China. The goal of achieving a more comprehensive and thorough popularization of the national common language and characters across the country, with a significant increase in the popularization rate in ethnic minority areas, rural areas, and other key regions by 2035, represents a key challenge in the post-Putonghua promotion era. In some regions of southern Xinjiang, which are ethnic minority areas, border areas, and key areas for rural poverty alleviation, a significant increase in the popularization rate of Mandarin requires new ideas and methods. Due to factors such as mother tongue transfer, learners whose native language is not Mandarin often encounter numerous obstacles in the process of acquiring Mandarin. This paper focuses on the systematic differences in pronunciation positions and methods between Mandarin and Uyghur, and through comparative analysis, it reveals the difficulties in phonetic acquisition, aiming to provide targeted learning strategies for minority learners, facilitate the promotion and popularization of the national common language, and promote language and cultural understanding among all ethnic groups.