基于0~1整数规划的生产过程决策研究

Research on Production Process Decision Making Based on 0-1 Integer Programming

摘要: 为提高畅销的电子产品企业的生产效率及产品质量，针对企业的生产过程，本文通过引入0~1变量，运用0~1整数规划模型对生产过程进行优化决策。首先，利用假设检验计算不同置信度下所需检测的最小零件数，从源头保证产品质量，既降低了后续生产的次品率，又降低了企业的生产成本。其次，以销售的总利润最大为目标，并以企业信誉为最主要的限制设定相关约束条件，构建最优化模型。然后，利用贪心算法对上述优化模型进行求解。具体地，对生产过程中有m道工序，n个零配件的问题，确定了6种可能的决策方案。最后，通过分别计算6种决策方案的销售总利润，为企业确定最优的决策方案。研究得出，在对部分零配件和半成品进行检测、部分不合格半成品进行拆解，而成品不检测、不合格成品不拆解的策略下，企业信誉可保持在75%以上，企业利润也较为可观。本研究通过对所建立优化模型的求解来提高企业的生产效率和产品质量，对提高企业收益和增加企业信誉具有实际的指导意义。

Abstract: In order to improve the production efficiency and product quality of popular electronic product enterprises, this article introduces 0-1 variables and uses 0-1 integer programming models to optimize the production process of the enterprise. Firstly, using hypothesis testing to calculate the minimum number of parts required for testing at different confidence levels ensures product quality from the source, which not only reduces the defect rate in subsequent production but also lowers the production cost of the enterprise. Secondly, with the goal of maximizing the total profit of sales and the enterprise reputation as the main constraint, relevant constraints are set to construct an optimization model. Then, the greedy algorithm is used to solve the optimization model mentioned above. Specifically, for the problem of m processes and n spare parts in the production process, 6 possible decision options have been identified. Finally, by calculating the total sales profit of the six decision options separately, the optimal decision option is determined for the enterprise. Research has shown that by testing some spare parts and semi-finished products, dismantling some non-conforming semi-finished products, and not testing finished products or dismantling non-conforming products, a company’s reputation can be maintained at over 75%, and its profits are also considerable. This study aims to improve the production efficiency and product quality of enterprises by solving the established optimization model, which has practical guiding significance for increasing enterprise profits and reputation.