生物炭/PAM/秸秆纤维改良黄土抗崩解性试验研究
Experimental Study on Biochar/PAM/Straw Fiber Modified Loess for Anti-Disintegration Performance
摘要: 针对黄土易崩解问题，本研究以西安长安区典型黄土为对象，探讨生物炭–聚丙烯酰胺–秸秆纤维复合改良剂(BPS)对其崩解特性的影响。通过室内崩解试验，系统分析不同BPS掺量(0%~5%)及养护龄期(0，7，14天)下土体的崩解率与崩解速率变化。结果表明：BPS显著抑制黄土崩解，3%为最优掺量(崩解率73.99%)，过量(>3%)因孔隙堵塞导致崩解率回升；随养护时间延长，改良效果增强，3%掺量组14天崩解率降至24.46% (较未改良土降幅75.54%)；秸秆纤维加筋、生物炭持水及PAM胶结共同提升土体稳定性，但高掺量(4%~5%)引发超密实化，削弱长期抗崩解性。研究证实BPS可有效改良黄土抗崩解性能，为工程应用提供理论依据。
Abstract: To address the susceptibility of loess to disintegration, this study investigated the effects of a biochar-polyacrylamide-straw fiber composite (BPS) on the disintegration characteristics of typical loess from Chang’an District, Xi’an. Indoor disintegration tests were systematically conducted to analyze variations in disintegration ratio and rate under different BPS dosages (0%~5%) and curing ages (0, 7, 14 days). The results demonstrate: BPS significantly inhibits loess disintegration, with 3% being the optimal dosage (disintegration ratio: 73.99%). Excessive dosage (>3%) causes pore clogging, leading to a rebound in disintegration ratio. The improvement effect strengthens with extended curing time. At 3% dosage, the disintegration ratio decreased to 24.46% after 14 days (a 75.54% reduction compared to untreated loess). Straw fiber reinforcement, biochar water retention, and PAM cementation collectively enhance soil stability. However, high dosages (4%~5%) induce over-compaction, weakening long-term anti-disintegration performance. This study confirms BPS effectively improves the anti-disintegration properties of loess, providing a theoretical basis for engineering applications.
文章引用：张海山, 孙明明, 汪佳欣. 生物炭/PAM/秸秆纤维改良黄土抗崩解性试验研究[J]. 土木工程, 2025, 14(7): 1679-1685. https://doi.org/10.12677/hjce.2025.147181

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