数字化程度对电子商务发展的影响因素研究

Research on the Influencing Factors of Digitalization Level on the E-Commerce Development

摘要: 数字化程度对电子商务的影响是深刻且多层次的，其本质在于通过技术重构商业流程、打破传统限制、释放新价值。本文基于2012~2022年30个省份的面板数据，从数字化程度视角出发，构建多种模型分析数字化程度对电子商务发展水平的影响因素。研究结果显示数字化程度对电子商务发展水平具有明显的促进作用，即数字化程度越高越能促进电子商务的发展，但存有异质性，其中，中西部地区的促进作用显著高于东部地区。并且数字化程度可以通过影响居民消费支出提高电子商务发展的水平。数字化程度对电子商务已非简单“促进”，要根据不同地区重新定义其存在形态，从技术辅助层面跃升为核心驱动力，重塑产业逻辑、突破增长瓶颈、重构竞争格局。

Abstract: The impact of digitalization level on e-commerce is profound and multi-layered, fundamentally reshaping commercial processes, breaking traditional constraints, and unlocking new value through technological transformation. Based on panel data from 30 provinces (2012~2022), this study constructs multiple models to analyze the influencing factors of digitalization level on e-commerce development. The results demonstrate that digitalization significantly promotes e-commerce development—higher digitalization levels correlate with stronger advancement. However, regional heterogeneity exists: the promotional effect is significantly stronger in central and western regions than in eastern regions. Moreover, the level of digitalization can enhance the development of e-commerce by boosting household consumption expenditure. Crucially, digitalization’s role has evolved beyond simple “facilitation”; its manifestation must be redefined according to regional contexts. It has now elevated from a technical auxiliary to a core driver, actively reshaping industrial logic, breaking growth bottlenecks, and restructuring competitive dynamics.