免疫调节在种植体骨结合中的作用机制

The Mechanism of Immune Regulation in Osseointegration of Implants

摘要: 种植体的长期稳定与功能实现，其核心在于骨结合的高效建立与持续维持。在这一复杂生物学过程中，免疫调节通过介导炎症反应进程、调控骨代谢平衡及重塑局部微环境等多重途径，深刻影响着种植体与骨组织的整合质量。本文系统梳理免疫调节在种植体骨结合中的关键作用机制，从免疫系统与骨结合的动态互作关系切入，深入解析细胞因子网络调控、免疫细胞功能重塑等具体调节路径，全面总结当前研究进展并剖析现存问题，同时对未来研究方向进行前瞻性展望，以期为推动种植体材料优化、临床诊疗策略创新等相关研究提供理论依据与实践参考。

Abstract: The long-term stability and functionality of dental implants are fundamentally dependent on the efficient establishment and continuous maintenance of osseointegration. In this complex biological process, immune regulation profoundly influences the quality of integration between the implant and bone tissue through multiple pathways, including mediating the inflammatory response, regulating bone metabolism balance, and reshaping the local microenvironment. This article systematically reviews the key mechanisms of immune regulation in osseointegration, starting from the dynamic interaction between the immune system and osseointegration. It delves into specific regulatory pathways such as the cytokine network regulation and the functional remodeling of immune cells. It comprehensively summarizes the current research progress and analyzes existing problems, while also providing a forward-looking perspective on future research directions. The aim is to offer theoretical basis and practical references for promoting the optimization of implant materials and the innovation of clinical treatment strategies.