骨科手术中BCIS预防和处理的研究进展

Research Progress on the Prevention and Management of BCIS in Orthopedic Surgery

摘要: 骨水泥植入综合征(BCIS)是涉及加压骨水泥的骨科手术中公认的且可能致命的并发症，该综合征主要见于骨水泥型关节置换术中。骨水泥型关节置换术作为骨科常用且有效的治疗手段，在临床应用广泛。然而，值得注意的是，关节置换术中使用骨水泥可能会引发骨水泥植入综合征(BCIS)，如手术中不能正确识别及处理该综合征可能会导致患者缺氧、全身性低血压、肺动脉高压、心律失常，甚至意识丧失和心脏骤停。因此，在手术中正确预防和处理BCIS对患者的生命安全具有重要意义。本文旨在综合分析骨水泥植入综合征预防和处理的研究进展，正确识别发生BCIS的高危因素，概述各种预防措施及处理方法，以期为临床骨水泥植入综合征预防和处理提供参考。

Abstract: Bone cement implantation syndrome (BCIS) is a recognized and potentially fatal complication in orthopedic surgeries involving compressed bone cement, and this syndrome is mainly seen in bone cement-type joint replacement surgeries. Bone cement-based joint replacement surgery, as a commonly used and effective treatment method in orthopedics, is widely applied in clinical practice. However, it is worth noting that the use of bone cement during joint replacement surgery may cause bone cement implantation syndrome (BCIS). If this syndrome is not correctly identified and managed during the operation, it may lead to hypoxia, systemic hypotension, pulmonary hypertension, arrhythmia, and even loss of consciousness and cardiac arrest in patients. Therefore, the correct prevention and management of BCIS during surgery is of great significance to the life safety of patients. This article aims to comprehensively analyze the research progress in the prevention and treatment of bone cement implantation syndrome, correctly identify the high-risk factors for the occurrence of BCIS, and summarize various preventive measures and treatment methods, with the expectation of providing a reference for the prevention and treatment of bone cement implantation syndrome in clinical practice.