论梅洛–庞蒂的意义生成与语言历史交织中的意义涌现

On the Emergence of Meaning in the Interweaving of Merleau-Ponty’s Meaning Generation and Linguistic History Genesis and Embodied Interaction

摘要: 梅洛–庞蒂是法国知名哲学家，其思想核心聚焦于知觉、意义、语言及身体领域。他主张，意义并非语言中的先验存在，而是在知觉与表达、历史与文化、主体与客体、知觉者与被知觉对象、可见与不可见、共时性与历时性之间的动态交互中生成和显现。他通过“身体图式”概念，揭示了身体作为意义生成的重要场所，并强调交流在意义生成中的关键作用。在历史观上，梅洛–庞蒂认为历史是必然性与偶然性的统一，意义在历史的长河中不断涌现。他的现象学语言观与历史–意义观相辅相成，共同构成了其哲学思想的核心。梅洛–庞蒂的思想不仅深化了我们对人与世界关系的理解，也为当代人文社会科学的研究提供了新的方法和路径，具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。文章分析了梅洛–庞蒂如何突破主客二元论，提出知觉现象学视角下的意义生成理论，为理解人与世界、语言与文化的关系提供了新视角，对当代人文社会科学研究具有重要启示。

Abstract: Merleau-Ponty, a prominent French philosopher, centers his thought on perception, meaning, language, and the body, rejecting Cartesian dualisms to posit meaning as emergent from dynamic interplay among perception/expression, history/culture, subject/object, perceiver/perceived, visible/invisible, and synchronic/diachronic dimensions. His concept of the “body schema” positions the body as the nexus of meaning-generation, with intersubjective communication constituting its very process. Merleau-Ponty frames history as a dialectical unity of necessity and contingency, where meaning perpetually emerges through temporal becoming. These perspectives converge, forming the core of his philosophy, which bridges phenomenological linguistics and historical ontology. Merleau-Ponty’s insights deepen human-world relations while offering innovative methodologies for humanities and social sciences, underscoring their theoretical and practical significance. By dissolving subject-object dualisms, he advances a phenomenological theory of meaning generation, redefining human-world, language-culture relationships and providing vital insights for contemporary interdisciplinary research.