华中地区太阳辐射时空变化特征

Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Solar Radiation in Central China

摘要: 本文采用1961~2016年全国太阳总辐射及日照时数资料，运用趋势分析等方法研究华中地区太阳辐射时空变化特征。结果表明：(1) 1961~2016年间华中地区年太阳总辐射呈显著下降趋势。多年平均值为4338.26 MJ/m²，1966年为最大值4600.00 MJ/m²，2014年为最小值4250.00 MJ/m²。四季太阳总辐射中除春季表现为不明显的上升趋势外，其余季节均呈显著下降趋势(p < 0.05)。(2) 华中地区年及四季太阳总辐射分布特点均为自东北向西南递减。多年太阳总辐射平均值在3446.12~5326.83 MJ/m²，华中北部济源、焦作等市为最大值区，西南恩施、湘西土家族苗族自治州最小值区。四季总辐射分布变化较大，如春季相对低值区(657.00~1063.00 MJ/m²)范围最大，秋季最大值区南移至华中南端永州市，冬季相对最高值区范围为四季最广。

Abstract: Based on the total solar radiation and sunshine hours data from 1961 to 2016, this paper studies the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of solar radiation in Central China by using trend analysis methods. The results show that: (1) The annual total solar radiation in Central China showed a significant downward trend from 1961 to 2016. The multi-year average value is 4338.26 MJ/m², the maximum value is 4600.00 MJ/m² in 1966, and the minimum value is 4250.00 MJ/m² in 2014. In the four seasons, except for the insignificant upward trend in spring, the total solar radiation showed a significant downward trend in other seasons (p < 0.05). (2) The distribution characteristics of annual and seasonal total solar radiation in Central China are decreasing from northeast to southwest. The average annual total solar radiation is 3446.12~5326.83 MJ/m², and Jiyuan and Jiaozuo in the north of central China are the areas with the maximum area. Moreover, Enshi and Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture are the smallest areas. The distribution of total solar radiation in the four seasons varies greatly. For example, the relatively low value area (657.00~1063.00 MJ/m²) in spring is the largest. The maximum value area in autumn moves southward to Yongzhou City, the southern end of Central China, and the relatively highest value area in winter is the widest in the four seasons.