智慧澄明与德性生成之路——论《斐多篇》中的哲学生活实践

The Path to Wisdom Clarity and Virtue Generation—On the Practice of Philosophical Life in the Book of Phaedo

摘要: 本文以柏拉图《斐多篇》中的哲学生活实践为核心命题，旨在探讨智慧澄明与德性生成的内在关联，阐明苏格拉底临终对话中构建的伦理范式如何通过理性操练超越世俗功利德性，为古希腊及当代价值困境提供解决方案。文章聚焦于哲学实践视角，剖析哲学生活的认知根基与伦理机制，揭示哲学生活呈现的终身求知、德性淬炼与辩证生存的统一实践，为现代人对抗价值虚无提供古典智慧参照。

Abstract: Taking the practice of philosophical life in Plato’s Phaedo as the core proposition, this article aims to explore the intrinsic correlation between wisdom clarification and the generation of virtue, and to elucidate how the ethical paradigm constructed in Socrates’ deathbed dialogues can transcend the worldly utilitarian virtues through rational exercises, so as to provide solutions for the dilemma of value in Ancient Greece and the contemporary world. Focusing on the perspective of philosophical practice, the article analyzes the cognitive foundation and ethical mechanism of philosophical life, and reveals that philosophical life presents a unified practice of lifelong pursuit of knowledge, virtue quenching, and dialectical survival, which provides classical wisdom references for modern people to fight against value nihilism.