中风急性期患者急诊中西医结合临床护理路径的应用研究

Application Research on the Clinical Nursing Pathway of Emergency Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Patients in the Acute Stage of Stroke

摘要: 目的：探讨中西医结合护理路径在中风急性期患者急诊护理中的应用效果，评估其对患者生命体征、神经功能缺损评分、住院时间及并发症发生率的影响。方法：本研究采用随机对照试验设计，选取2023年3月至2024年3月期间急诊中风急性期患者70例，随机分为观察组和对照组，每组35例。观察组患者接受中西医结合护理路径，而对照组患者接受常规西医护理。两组患者的基线资料具有可比性。研究指标包括生命体征、NIHSS评分、住院时间及并发症发生率。结果：入院即刻两组患者生命体征比较无统计学差异。治疗后，观察组在心率、血压、呼吸频率方面表现显著优于对照组(P < 0.01)。NIHSS评分显示，观察组在治疗后第1天和出院前的评分显著低于对照组(P < 0.01)，神经功能恢复更佳。观察组的平均住院时间显著短于对照组(P < 0.001)，而两组并发症发生率比较无统计学差异(P = 0.532)。结论：中西医结合护理路径能够显著改善中风急性期患者的生命体征，促进神经功能恢复，并可能缩短住院时间。中西医结合护理路径显示出在中风急性期治疗护理中的潜在优势。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the application effect of the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing pathway in the emergency nursing of patients with acute stroke, and to evaluate its influence on the vital signs, neurological deficit score, length of hospital stay and incidence of complications of the patients. Methods: This study adopted a randomized controlled trial design. Seventy patients in the acute stage of emergency stroke from March 2023 to March 2024 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 35 cases in each group. Patients in the observation group received the integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing pathway, while patients in the control group received conventional Western medicine nursing. The baseline data of the two groups of patients were comparable. The research indicators include vital signs, NIHSS score, length of hospital stay and incidence of complications. Result: There was no statistically significant difference in vital signs between the two groups of patients immediately upon admission. After the treatment, the observation group performed significantly better than the control group in terms of heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate (P < 0.01). The NIHSS score showed that the scores of the observation group on the first day after treatment and before discharge were significantly lower than those of the control group (P < 0.01), and the recovery of neurological function was better. The average hospital stay of the observation group was significantly shorter than that of the control group (P < 0.001), while there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P = 0.532). Conclusion: The integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing pathway can significantly improve the vital signs of patients with acute stroke, promote the recovery of neurological function, and may shorten the length of hospital stay. The integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing pathway shows potential advantages in the treatment and nursing of the acute stage of stroke.