2型糖尿病住院患者衰弱现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the Current Status and Factors Affecting Debilitation in Hospitalized Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

摘要: 目的：探讨2型糖尿病住院患者衰弱的发生现状及影响因素。方法：本研究采用便利抽样法，选取2023年4月~2024年6月在张家界市某三级甲等医院老年医学科及内分泌科收治的572例2型糖尿病住院患者作为研究对象。采用一般资料问卷、衰弱(FRAIL)筛查表、家庭关怀度指数量表、自我感受负担量表进行问卷调查。采用卡方检验进行单因素分析，二元Logistic回归分析2型糖尿病住院患者衰弱的独立影响因素。结果：2型糖尿病住院患者衰弱发生率为56.1% (321例)。多因素结果显示，年龄、职业状况、疾病知晓程度、家庭支持指数、自我感受负担对2型糖尿病住院患者衰弱情况有显著影响。结论：2型糖尿病住院患者衰弱发生率较高，年龄 > 60岁、无业及离退休、对疾病不了解、家庭支持重度障碍、重度自我感受负担的患者更容易出现衰弱，建议给予个性化的衰弱防治措施，从而降低衰弱的发生率与不良健康结局的风险。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the current situation and influencing factors of debilitation in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: 572 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the Department of geriatrics and the Department of endocrinology in a tertiary class a hospital in Zhangjiajie from April 2023 to June 2024 were selected as the research objects by convenience sampling method. The general information questionnaire, frail screening form, family care index scale and self perceived burden scale were used for questionnaire survey. Chi square test was used for univariate analysis, and binary logistic regression was used to analyze the independent influencing factors of weakness in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results: The incidence of debilitation in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes was 56.1% (321 cases). The multivariate results showed that age, occupational status, disease awareness, family support index, and self perceived burden had significant effects on the debilitation of hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: The incidence of debilitation in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is higher. Patients older than 60 years old, unemployed and retired, do not understand the disease, have serious obstacles to family support, and have heavy self perceived burden are more likely to suffer from debilitation. It is suggested to give personalized prevention and treatment measures for debilitation, so as to reduce the incidence of debilitation and the risk of adverse health outcomes.