黄土蒸发失水试验研究及数值模拟分析

Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation Analysis on Water Loss by Evaporation of Loess

摘要: 本研究采用室内控制试验方法，系统研究了温度、湿度、初始含水量及干密度等关键环境参数对饱和重塑黄土水分蒸发过程的影响规律。试验重点考察了上述因素对土壤蒸发动力学特征(包括蒸发速率、累积蒸发量及蒸发强度)的作用机制。在数值模拟方面，本研究基于非饱和土水分运移理论，运用GeoStudio软件平台构建了耦合水热传输的数学模型，通过设置合理的气候边界条件和土水特征曲线参数，实现了对实际蒸发过程的准确模拟。研究不仅验证了模型的可靠性，还揭示了蒸发过程中土壤内部水分迁移与温度场分布的耦合作用机制，这些研究成果为黄土地区水分管理提供了重要的理论依据和实践指导。

Abstract: This study employed the indoor control test method to systematically investigate the influence of key environmental parameters, including temperature, humidity, initial water content, and dry density, on the water evaporation process of saturated reshaped loess. The experiment focused on investigating the mechanism of the above factors on the dynamic characteristics of soil evaporation (including evaporation rate, cumulative evaporation volume, and evaporation intensity). In terms of numerical simulation, based on the theory of unsaturated soil water transport, this study constructed a mathematical model coupled with water and heat transfer using the GeoStudio software platform. By setting reasonable climatic boundary conditions and soil-water characteristic curve parameters, an accurate simulation of the actual evaporation process was achieved. The research not only verified the reliability of the model but also revealed the coupling mechanism of internal soil water migration and temperature field distribution during the evaporation process. These research results provide an important theoretical basis and practical guidance for water management in loess areas.