某化工公司副产硅渣的危险特性鉴别

Hazard Identification of Silicon Residue By-Product from a Chemical Company

摘要: 本研究针对氟硅酸法制备无水氟化氢工艺产生的副产硅渣，依据国家危险废物鉴别系列规范，按照“名录对照–溯源解析–特性初筛–实验检测–得出结论”的流程对副产硅渣开展危险特性鉴别。通过检测腐蚀性、急性毒性、浸出毒性、反应性、毒性物质等危险特性指标，证实该硅渣各项特性值均低于规范限值，不属于危险废物。研究结果为该固废资源化利用提供了合法依据，企业据此每年可降低危废处置成本数百万元，同时为同类新兴工业固废的鉴别提供了方法学参考。

Abstract: Based on the national series of standards for hazardous waste identification, this study conducted a hazard characteristic assessment of the by-product silicon residue generated from the production of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride via the fluosilicic acid method. The identification process followed a systematic procedure: “comparison with the inventory - source tracing - preliminary screening - experimental testing - conclusion drawing.” Through testing of hazard characteristic indicators including corrosivity, acute toxicity, leaching toxicity, reactivity, and toxic substances, the results confirmed that all parameters of the silicon residue fall below regulatory limits, indicating it is not classified as hazardous waste. The research findings provide a legal basis for the resource utilization of this solid waste. This enables enterprises to reduce hazardous waste disposal costs by several million yuan annually, while also offering a methodological reference for the identification of similar emerging industrial solid wastes.