基于PTFE/SiO₂多孔膜的气味标准样品制备及其散发特性研究

Research on Preparation and Release Characteristics of Odor Reference Samples Based on PTFE/SiO₂ Porous Membranes

摘要: 针对气味标准样品稳定性差、散发速率不可控等问题，本研究设计了一种基于气体扩散原理的筒式气味散发装置，并开发了PTFE/SiO₂多孔膜的冷压制备技术。通过调控SiO₂粉末的目数、配比及工艺参数，实现多孔膜孔径与孔隙率的精准调控。基于此制备了正丁醇、甲基环戊酮等五种气味标准样品，利用重量法和环境舱法对其散发特性及稳定性进行了研究。实验表明，正丁醇与甲基环戊酮样品在20天内的质量变化线性关系显著(R² ≥ 0.99)，且可通过调节膜参数、温度及面积实现散发速率的定向优化。本研究提出了标准气味样品制备的新方法，对推动嗅觉检测标准化具有重要的理论与技术支撑作用。

Abstract: To address issues such as poor stability and uncontrollable release rates of odor reference samples, this study designed a cartridge-type odor release device based on the principle of gas diffusion and developed a cold-pressing fabrication technique for PTFE/SiO₂ porous membranes. By regulating the mesh size and ratio of SiO₂ powder, as well as process parameters, precise control over the pore size and porosity of the porous membranes was achieved. Based on this approach, five odor reference samples including 1-Butanol and 2-Methylcyclopentanone were prepared. Their release characteristics and stability were quantitatively assessed through gravimetric analysis and the environmental chamber method. Experimental results demonstrated that the mass variations of 1-Butanol and 2-Methylcyclopentanone samples exhibited significant linear relationships (R² ≥ 0.99) over 20 days. The release rates could be directionally optimized by adjusting membrane parameters, temperature, and surface area. This study proposes a novel approach for odor reference samples preparation, providing crucial theoretical and technical support for advancing the standardization of olfactory detection.