任务特征框架视阈下的大学英语四级翻译测试内容效度研究

A Study on the Content Validity of College English Test Level 4 Translation Tasks from the Perspective of the Task Characteristics Framework

摘要: 内容效度是语言测试领域评价测试质量的重要标准之一。翻译测试是对受试者翻译能力的测量，贯穿翻译人才培养的全过程。本文以Bachman & Palmer的任务特征框架为理据，以1996~2025年期间的大学英语四级段落翻译试题为样本，从环境特征、测试规则、语篇输入、预期回答、语篇输入与预期回答之间的关系维度探究该测试的内容效度。研究结果表明，大学英语四级翻译试题内容与拟测试构念趋于一致，该测试与《大学英语四、六级考试大纲》测试目标以及《大学英语教学指南》教学要求相关性较高，但该试题在语篇输入、预期回答两个核心维度方面存在不足，即试题所涉题材、体裁、题型单一，测试难度偏低。基于测试内容效度研究，以期为大学英语四级翻译试题内容效度的进一步优化提供研究性支持。

Abstract: Content validity is one of the important criteria for evaluating the quality of language tests. Translation testing measures the translation ability of test-takers and runs through the entire process of cultivating translation professionals. This research, based on the Task Characteristics Framework by Bachman & Palmer, takes the translation tasks from the College English Test Level 4 (CET-4) paragraphs between 1996 and 2025 as the sample, and explores the content validity of this test from the perspectives of environmental characteristics, test rules, input, expected responses, and the relationship between input and expected responses. The study findings indicate that the content of the CET Level 4 translation tasks is largely consistent with the construct being tested. The test shows a high correlation with the testing objectives outlined in the College English Test Band 4 and 6 Syllabus and the College English Teaching Guidelines, but there are shortcomings in the two core dimensions of input and expected responses. Specifically, the test topics, genres, and question types are too narrow, and the difficulty level of the tasks is relatively low. Based on the content validity of the test, this study aims to provide research support for the further optimization of the content validity of the College English Test Level 4 translation tasks.