生态翻译理论视域下《圣经》汉译本的对比研究——以《圣经》和合本和现代中文译本为例

A Comparative Study of Chinese Translations of the Bible from the Perspective of Ecological Translation Theory—A Case Study of the Bible Chinese Union Version and Modern Chinese Translations

摘要: 《圣经》是基督教的经典，是世界文化遗产的重要组成部分，也是翻译史上最广泛、最持久、最有影响的翻译对象之一。《圣经》的汉译历史悠久，译本众多，不同的译本反映了不同的翻译理念和方法，也受到了不同的翻译评价和评判。生态翻译理论是由胡庚申教授于2001年提出的一种从生态学视角对翻译进行综观的整体性研究，它认为翻译是一种适应与选择的过程，受到翻译生态环境的影响和制约。生态翻译理论将翻译系统视为一个生态系统，研究译本生态、译者生态和译域生态，以及它们之间的相互作用和关系，评价翻译的生态质量和效果，揭示翻译的生态特征和意义。本文以生态翻译理论为指导，对比分析了《圣经》的两个汉译本：官话和合本和现代中文译本，从语言维、文化维和交际维三个方面探讨了两个译本的异同和优劣，评价了两个译本的生态质量和效果，揭示了两个译本的生态特征和意义，为《圣经》的汉译研究提供了一个新的视角和方法。

Abstract: The Bible is a Christian classic, an important part of the world cultural heritage, and one of the most extensive, lasting and influential translation objects in the history of translation. The Chinese translation of the Bible has a long history and many translations. Different translations reflect different translation concepts and methods, and have been evaluated and judged by different translations. The theory of ecological translation is a holistic study of translation from the ecological perspective, proposed by Professor Hu Gengshen in 2001. It believes that translation is a process of adaptation and selection, which is influenced and restricted by the ecological environment of translation. The theory of ecological translation regards the translation system as an ecosystem, studies the translation ecology, translator ecology and translation domain ecology, as well as the interaction and relationship between them, evaluates the ecological quality and effect of translation, and reveals the ecological characteristics and significance of translation. Guided by the theory of ecological translation, this paper compares the two Chinese translation of the Bible: Chinese union version and modern Chinese translation, discusses the similarities and differences from the language dimension, culture dimension and communication dimension, evaluates the ecological quality and effect of the two translations, reveals the ecological characteristics and significance of the two translations, to provide a new perspective and method for the study of the Bible.