磷酸铁生产废水处理中不同预处理工艺的对比与资源化利用研究

Study on Comparison and Resource Utilization of Different Pretreatment Processes in Wastewater Treatment of Iron Phosphate Production

摘要: 随着磷酸铁在电池材料、催化剂及农业肥料等领域的广泛应用，其生产过程中产生的废水问题日益凸显。“预处理 + 膜浓缩回用 + MVR蒸发结晶”工艺技术路线逐步成为磷酸铁废水处理的主流工艺。预处理作为磷酸铁废水处理的首要环节，对后续处理流程的顺利进行以及整体处理效果起着至关重要的作用。通过预处理，可以有效去除废水中的悬浮物、大部分重金属离子等杂质，为后续深度处理等工序创造良好条件。同时对废水中的水以回用水的形式进行回收，对氨氮以硫酸铵的形式进行回收，对总磷以磷酸一铵的形式进行回收形成资源化回收利用。因此，深入研究不同的预处理工艺，优化工艺参数，对于提高磷酸铁废水处理效率、实现废水达标排放以及资源回收利用具有重要的现实意义，是推动磷酸铁行业可持续发展的关键所在。

Abstract: With the widespread application of lithium iron phosphate in fields such as battery materials, catalysts, and agricultural fertilizers, the issue of wastewater generated during its production has become increasingly prominent. The process technology route of “pre-treatment + membrane concentration recycling + MVR evaporation crystallization” is gradually becoming the mainstream method for treating wastewater from lithium iron phosphate production. Pre-treatment serves as the first critical step in the wastewater treatment process, playing a crucial role in ensuring the smooth progression of subsequent treatment stages and the overall effectiveness of the treatment. Through pre-treatment, suspended solids and most heavy metal ions can be effectively removed, creating favorable conditions for subsequent advanced treatment processes. Additionally, water in the wastewater is recovered as recycled water, ammonia nitrogen is recovered as ammonium sulfate, and total phosphorus is recovered as monoammonium phosphate, achieving resource recovery and utilization. Therefore, in-depth research on different pre-treatment methods and optimization of process parameters are of significant practical importance for improving the efficiency of wastewater treatment from lithium iron phosphate production, achieving compliance with discharge standards, and resource recovery and utilization. This is key to promoting the sustainable development of the lithium iron phosphate industry.