基于可编程逻辑控制器的立体车库系统控制设计与研究

Design and Research of Control System for Stereo Garage Based on Programmable Logic Controller

摘要: 随着全球城市化进程的加速及机动车保有量的持续攀升，城市停车难题日益凸显，已成为制约城市可持续发展的瓶颈。立体车库系统凭借其卓越的空间利用率和智能管理优势，正迅速成为缓解停车压力的核心解决方案。本文深入探讨了基于可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)的立体车库控制系统的先进设计与研究。首先，论文系统阐述了不同类型立体车库的分类标准与基本运行机制，并剖析了PLC作为工业级核心控制器在确保系统高可靠性、灵活性与精确控制方面的独特优势。随后，重点详细阐述了新一代PLC控制系统的硬件架构优化、软件逻辑精细化设计，特别是如何融入工业物联网(IIoT)、边缘计算、高级人机界面(HMI)及数据可视化等前沿技术，以实现车辆存取管理的智能化、车位分配的动态优化、设备状态的实时预警与预测性维护，以及多重安全联锁机制的无缝集成。最后，论文展望了未来立体车库控制系统在人工智能驱动的运行优化、能源效率最大化及网络安全强化等方向的创新潜能。本文旨在为下一代立体车库控制系统的研发与部署提供全面而深入的理论依据与实践指导。

Abstract: The accelerating pace of global urbanization and the relentless increase in vehicle ownership have exacerbated urban parking challenges, becoming a significant bottleneck to sustainable urban development. Automated parking garage systems, owing to their superior space utilization and intelligent management capabilities, are rapidly emerging as a pivotal solution to alleviate parking pressure. This paper delves into the advanced design and research of automated parking garage control systems primarily driven by Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). We commence by systematically delineating the classification criteria and fundamental operational principles of various automated parking garage types, simultaneously analyzing the distinct advantages of PLCs as industrial-grade core controllers in ensuring high reliability, flexibility, and precise control. Subsequently, the paper meticulously details the optimized hardware architecture and refined software logic design for new-generation PLC-based control systems. A particular emphasis is placed on the integration of cutting-edge technologies, such as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), edge computing, advanced Human-Machine Interfaces (HMI), and data visualization to achieve intelligent vehicle storage and retrieval management, dynamic parking space allocation, real-time equipment status alarming and predictive maintenance, and seamless integration of multi-layered safety interlock mechanisms. Finally, the paper casts a forward-looking perspective on the innovative potential of future automated parking garage control systems, particularly in areas like AI-driven operational optimization, maximization of energy efficiency, and strengthened cybersecurity. This work aims to provide comprehensive and in-depth theoretical foundations and practical guidance for the research and deployment of next-generation automated parking garage control systems.